realization

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Recognizing revenue at the time of sale of merchandise if a retail business, or at the time of rendering the service if a service business. At realization, the earnings process is complete because the transaction is consummated, selling price is determinable, cost of sale is known, and future costs can be accurately estimated. Realization also applies to recognizing a gain on the sale of a security.

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noun

1. The condition of being fulfilled: consummation, culmination, fruition, fulfillment, materialization. See do/not do, happy/unhappy.
2. The condition of being in full force or operation: actualization, being, effect, materialization. See be.
3. One's artistic conception as shown by the way in which something such as a dramatic role or musical composition is rendered: execution, interpretation, performance, reading, rendering, rendition. See performing arts.

Implicit in Wilfred R. Bion's concept of inherent preconceptions is the notion of the future of the preconception in a realization in actual experience with its anticipated counterpart; thus, the infant's inherent preconception of a breast becomes mated with the actual breast that is found and becomes realized as a conception. Repeated confirmatory experiences of that kind eventually confirm the anticipated experience as a concept. Thus, realization, in its capacity to confirm that which has already been autochthonously predicted or expected, bestows confidence, faith, and security to the infant's sense of survival and thriving.

The concept of realization becomes even more ratified when the infant is able to tolerate frustration and thereby allow for the experience of the absence of the breast in the context of having faith in its return. Otherwise, in the case of the infant who cannot tolerate frustration, the experience of the absent breast is eclipsed by the negative experience of the "nobreast present," a concrete image of a bad, persecuting breast.

The concept of realization belongs to Bion's epistemological forays into the fundamental understanding of thinking and is associated with his notions of projective identification, alpha function, and container/contained. The inherent preconception of a breast searches for the realization of the breast in the context of felt neediness if there is an allowance for an absence of a breast that awaits fulfillment and exploratorily and projectively identifies itself in the realized breast. The object of the search who possesses the needed breast is the maternal container who is summoned by the outcry of the infant and his preconception of the breast. The container must appose itself accommodatingly so as to contain the infant's anxiety of non-confirmation (negative realization).

Bibliography

Bion, W. R. (1962). Learning from experience. London: Heinemann; New York: Basic Books.

——. (1962). A theory of thinking. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 43, 4-5; in Second thoughts. London: Heinemann, 1967.

—JAMES GROTSTEIN

The occurrence of an event or transaction deemed to be a sufficiently substantial change in the taxpayer’s economic situation to warrant the imposition of an income tax. 348 U.S. 426. If the tax is imposed, the event gives rise to recognition. Thus, if a taxpayer buys an asset for $10 and sells it for $20, the sale constitutes a realization of the amount received. If the amount received in excess of the taxpayer’s cost basis is subject to tax, it is considered recognized.

gain or loss realized
the difference between the amount realized on a sale or exchange of an asset and the taxpayer’s basis in such asset.

IN BRIEF: Accomplishment. Also: Awareness of.

Love is the difficult realization that something other than oneself is real. — Iris Murdoch (1919-1999)

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For a list of words related to realization, see:

• Practice, Discipline, and Belief - realization: act or process of becoming real, taking form, or achieving potential

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Dansk (Danish)
n. - virkeliggørelse, gennemførelse, erkendelse, afhændelse, realisation, salg

Nederlands (Dutch)
bewustwording, realisering, verwezenlijking, besef, realistische weergave/ opvoering, reconstructie van stem uit basso continuo

Français (French)
n. - prise de conscience, réalisation, épanouissement, (Fin) conversion (en espèces)

Deutsch (German)
n. - Erkenntnis, Verwirklichung

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - πραγματοποίηση, πραγμάτωση, υλοποίηση, αντίληψη, κατανόηση, συνειδητοποίηση, συναίσθηση, ρευστοποίηση (περιουσίας κ.λπ.)

Italiano (Italian)
realizzazione, presa di coscienza

Português (Portuguese)
n. - realização (f), conversão em dinheiro (Fin.)

Русский (Russian)
осознание, реализация

Español (Spanish)
n. - comprensión, realización, concienciación

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - insikt, förvekligande

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
实现, 实得, 领悟, 变卖成现金

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 實現, 實得, 領悟, 變賣成現金

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 실현, 깨달음, 벌이

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 悟ること, 理解, 実現, 達成, 売却, 現金化

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) ادراك, تحقيق‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮הבנה, מימוש, התגשמות, הגשמה, המחשה‬

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