retort
American Heritage Dictionary:
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re·tort1
(rĭ-tôrt') 
v., -tort·ed, -tort·ing, -torts. v.tr.
re·tort2 (rĭ-tôrt', rē'tôrt')
n.
A closed laboratory vessel with an outlet tube, used for distillation, sublimation, or decomposition by heat.
v., -tort·ed, -tort·ing, -torts. v.tr.
- To reply, especially to answer in a quick, caustic, or witty manner. See synonyms at answer.
- To present a counterargument to.
- To return in kind; pay back.
- To make a reply, especially a quick, caustic, or witty one.
- To present a counterargument.
- To return like for like; retaliate.
- A quick incisive reply, especially one that turns the first speaker's words to his or her own disadvantage.
- The act or an instance of retorting.
[Latin retorquēre, retort-, to bend back, retort : re-, re- + torquēre, to bend, twist.]
retorter re·tort'er n.re·tort2 (rĭ-tôrt', rē'tôrt')
n.
A closed laboratory vessel with an outlet tube, used for distillation, sublimation, or decomposition by heat.
[French retorte, from Medieval Latin retorta, from feminine of Latin retortus, past participle of retorquēre, to bend back. See retort1.]
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1. A laboratory apparatus consisting of a glass bulb with a long neck. 2. A vessel used for reaction or distillation in industrial chemical processes.
Roget's Thesaurus:
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retort
verb
- To speak or act in response, as to a question: answer, rejoin, reply, respond, return, riposte. See ask/answer.
- To return like for like, especially to return an unfriendly or hostile action with a similar one: counter, hit back, reciprocate, retaliate, strike back. See attack/defend, forgiveness/vindictiveness.
noun
- A spirited, incisive reply: comeback, repartee, riposte. See ask/answer.
Antonyms by Answers.com:
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retort
n
Definition: snappy answer
Antonyms: question, request
v
Definition: answer
Antonyms: question, request
Word Tutor:
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retort
IN BRIEF: To answer back angrily or sharply.
He had a clever retort for each argument offered.
LearnThatWord.com is a free vocabulary and spelling program where you only pay for results!
Random House Word Menu:
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categories related to 'retort'
- Tools, Tests, Units, and Scales - retort: enclosed vessel or chamber with long tube open at one end, in which substances are distilled, sublimed, or decomposed by heat
- Machinery and Mechanical Devices - retort: container with long tube used to distill substances
- Rhetoric and Figures of Speech - retort: sharp, incisive, often retaliatory reply; reply in kind
- Questions and Answers - retort: answer, esp. with quick, witty, or angry reply; riposte
See crossword solutions for the clue Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Retort
For cremation furnaces, called retorts, see Cremation. For industrial pressure cookers, called retorts, see Pressure cooking.
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008) |
In a chemistry laboratory, a retort is a glassware device used for distillation or dry distillation of substances. It consists of a spherical vessel with a long downward-pointing neck. The liquid to be distilled is placed in the vessel and heated. The neck acts as a condenser, allowing the evaporated vapors to condense and flow along the neck to a collection vessel placed underneath.[1]
In the chemical industry, a retort is an airtight vessel in which substances are heated for a chemical reaction producing gaseous products to be collected in a collection vessel or for further processing. Such industrial-scale retorts are used in shale oil extraction and the production of charcoal. A process of heating oil shale to produce shale oil, shale gas, and spent shale is commonly called retorting.
In the food industry, pressure cookers are often referred to as retorts, meaning "canning retorts".
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Contents
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History
With the invention of the alembic, a kind of retort, the alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān developed the process of distillation into what it is today.[citation needed] Retorts were widely used by alchemists, and images of retorts appear in many drawings and sketches of their laboratories. Before the advent of modern condensers, retorts were used by many prominent chemists, such as Antoine Lavoisier and Jöns Berzelius.[2]
Role in analytical chemistry
In laboratory use, due to advances in technology, especially the invention of the Liebig condenser, retorts were largely considered to have been rendered obsolete as early as the beginning of the 20th [3] However, some laboratory techniques that involve simple distillation and do not require sophisticated apparatus may use a retort as a substitute for more complex distillation equipment.
See also
References
- ^ "retort." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2011. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/500078/retort>.
- ^ "Retort." Chemeurope.com - The Chemistry Information Portal from Laboratory to Process. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.chemeurope.com/en/encyclopedia/Retort.html>.
- ^ "Distillation." 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica - Free Online. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Distillation>.
External links
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Look up retort in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
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Translations:
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Retort
Dansk (Danish)
1.
v. tr. - gengælde, vende om
v. intr. - svare igen
n. - gensvar, svar på tiltale
2.
n. - [kem.] destillerkolbe, retort
v. tr. - opvarme i retort
Nederlands (Dutch)
van repliek dienen, weerwoord
Français (French)
1.
v. tr. - répliquer, rétorquer
v. intr. - rétorquer, riposter
n. - riposte, réplique
2.
n. - (Chim, Ind) cornue
v. tr. - (Chim, Ind) utiliser une cornue
Deutsch (German)
1.
v. - scharf antworten
n. - Entgegnung, Erwiderung
2.
n. - Retorte
v. - destillieren
Ελληνική (Greek)
v. - απαντώ απότομα, αποκρίνομαι, απαντώ έντονα/εύστοχα, (αντ)απαντώ
n. - οξεία/απότομη απάντηση, έξυπνη απάντηση, αντέγκληση
Italiano (Italian)
replicare, replica
Português (Portuguese)
v. - retorquir
n. - réplica (f), retaliação (f)
Русский (Russian)
возразить, парировать, возражение
Español (Spanish)
1.
v. tr. - devolver, replicar
v. intr. - devolver, replicar
n. - réplica
2.
n. - retorta
v. tr. - destilar en retortas
Svenska (Swedish)
v. - replikera, ge igen för, (kem) destillera i retort
n. - replik, (kem) retort
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 反击, 反驳, 回嘴说, 就...进行报复, 回嘴, 报复
2. 曲颈瓶, 曲颈甑, 蒸馏器
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 曲頸瓶, 曲頸甑, 蒸餾器
2.
v. tr. - 反擊, 反駁, 回嘴說, 就...進行報復
v. intr. - 反擊, 反駁, 回嘴, 報復
n. - 反擊, 反駁, 回嘴
한국어 (Korean)
1.
v. tr. - 보복하다, 반론하여 말하다, 반박하다
v. intr. - 반론하다, 말대꾸하다, 역습하다
n. - 말대꾸, 앙갚음, 역습하다
2.
n. - 증류기, 레토르트
v. tr. - ~로 건류하다, 가압솥 등으로 살균하다
日本語 (Japanese)
v. - 言い返す
n. - 言い返し, レトルト
العربيه (Arabic)
(فعل) يرد على الشي بمثله, يرد (الاسم) رد سريع
עברית (Hebrew)
v. tr. - גמל, השיב בשנינה, השיב באותו נימוק, החזיר באותה מטבע
v. intr. - השיב בשנינה
n. - מענה חריף, תשובה שנונה
n. - אביק, תנור להתכת כספית, לזיקוקה, מיכל זכוכית בעל צוואר ארוך לזיקוק נוזלים
v. tr. - טיהר/זיקק (כספית) על ידי חימום
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American Heritage Dictionary
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Oxford Dictionary of Chemistry
A Dictionary of Chemistry. Sixth Edition. Copyright © Market House Books Ltd, 2008. All rights reserved.
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Oxford Food & Nutrition Dictionary
A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. Copyright © 1995, 2003, 2005 by A. E. Bender and D. A. Bender. All rights reserved.
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Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 byHoughton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Retort.
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