Ribe

Ribe
Town
The main street of Ribe
Coat of arms
Country	Denmark
Region	Region of Southern Denmark
District	Esbjerg Municipality
Coordinates	55°19′42.15″N 8°45′43.84″E / 55.328375°N 8.7621778°E / 55.328375; 8.7621778
Population	8,081 (2006)
Postal code	6760
Website: http://www.ribe.dk/

Ribe (German: Ripen) is the oldest extant town of Denmark; Ribe is situated in southwest Jutland. Until 1 January 2007, it was the seat of both the surrounding Municipality, and County. Ribe is now part of the enlarged Esbjerg Municipality in Region of Southern Denmark.

History

Established in the first decade of the 8th century^[1] and first attested in a document dated 854 AD; Ribe is the oldest town in Denmark.

Ribe Cathedral

When Ansgar the Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen, set out on the "Mission to bring Christianity to the North", he made a request in 860 to the King of Denmark, that the first Scandinavian church be built in Ribe. This was not coincidental, since Ribe already at that point, was the most important trade city of Scandinavia.

However we can only confirm the presence of a bishop and thus a cathedral in Ribe from the year 948.

The town has many well-preserved old buildings, Ribe Cathedral, c. 110 houses are under Heritage Protection. Denmark's oldest town hall is found on the town's Von Støckens Plads. The building was erected in 1496, and was purchased by the city for use as a town hall in 1709.

Timeline

• Early 8th century AD, founding of Ribe.
• The Treaty of Ribe was proclaimed in 1460.
• 1580, 3 September: A great fire destroys a large part of the town. 11 streets and 213 houses burn down.
• 1634, 11-12 October: A storm tide floods the city with waterlevels rising to 6.1 meters above average.
• 2007, 1 January_ The Municipality of Ribe ceased to exist as it merged with the municipalities of Esbjerg and Bramming, now forming a new municipality of Esbjerg.

Cultural and environmental features

There are numerous cultural and environmental features of Ribe. Among the cultural highlights are notable churches and museums. The flora and fauna, while depleted in large part from the man-made development and surrounding agricultural land conversion, retain notable aspects of the natural environment. The Ribe River flows through town^[2] and hosts certain elements of riparian habitat. Certain notable birdlife is found in and near the town; the European White Stork, Ciconia ciconia, is one of the historic inhabitants of the town, choosing to build nests atop chimneys. This bird has steadily declined in population throughout Western Europe due to agricultural land conversion as well as droughts in its wintering range in Africa.^[3]

The following list some of the specific town features:

• Churches
  • Ribe Cathedral (Ribe Domkirke) — the bells of Ribe Cathedral playing the folk song about Queen Dagmar called "Dronning Dagmar ligger i Ribe syg" ("Queen Dagmar lies in Ribe sick").
  • Saint Catharinæ Church and Monastery.
• Museums
  • Ribe Viking Museum (Museet Ribes Vikinger)
  • Ribe Art Museum (Ribe Kunstmuseum)
  • Ribe Viking Centre (Ribe Vikingecenter)
  • Denmark's oldest province museum (Antikvarisk Samling)
• The Night Watchman in Ribe. Every evening from 1st of May until 15th of September you may accompany the night watchman in Ribe on his route through the old town, while he is singing to alert citizens about bedtime approaching.
• Wadden Sea Center (Vadehavscentret)
• Mandø Mill (Mandø Mølle)
• The Mandø House (Mandøhuset)
• Mandø Island nature reserve, about 30 kilometres southwest

Notable people

• Playwright Kjeld Abell.
• Hans Adolf Brorson, Danish Pietist clergyman and hymn writer.
• The poet Anders Christensen Bording.
• Emil Christian Hansen, the father of Modern Brewing: At the Carlsberg Laboratories in Copenhagen, he was the first to discover that yeast was composed of different kinds of fungi and that the yeast culture could be cultivated. With this discovery, he was able to produce hybrid yeast. This yeast, known as Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, which allowed the brewing of lager beer, is today used in the vast majority of beer production worldwide.
• Björn Dunkerbeck, Windsurfing World Champion.
• Rued Langgaard romantic composer and organist, born 28 July 1893 in Copenhagen - died 10 July 1952 in Ribe.
• Holger K. Nielsen former leader of the Socialist People's Party, was born in Ribe and graduated from Ribe Katedralskole in 1969.
• Jacob A. Riis, an American immigrant photographer famous for his book How the Other Half Lives, a pioneering work of photojournalism. He was also a longtime friend of Theodore Roosevelt.
• Maren Spliid (Splids) was burned at a fire at the Gallows Hill near Ribe on November 9 1641. She was probably the most well known Danish victim for persecutions of witches.
• Hans Tausen, protagonist of the Danish Reformation was the Bishop of Ribe from 1542-1562.

City hall.

Official Honorary Citizens

The following have been declared Honorary Citizens of Ribe: (By year)

• Stiftsfysikus J.J. Kiær (1911)
• Town Archivist C.N. Termansen (1934)
• Editor C. Willemoes (1946)
• Chairman of the Ny Carlsbergfondet, H. E .Nørregård-Nielsen (2005)

Education

The town of Ribe has a long history as a center of education, namely the Gymnasium (High School) called Ribe Katedralskole (cathedral school) has its roots in the Latin School of Ribe, dating back to at least 1145. Although confirmed to be older, this is the date for the oldest still existing document that confirms the school’s existence. Ribe Katedralskole is more than 850 years old, and is the oldest continuously existing school in Scandinavia.

Schools

• Ribe Katedralskole. http://www.ribekatedralskole.dk
• The State College of Education in Ribe (Teacher Training College) http://www.ribesem.dk, part of The University College of West Jutland http://cvu-vest.dk
• Ribe Business College. http://www.ribehs.dk (Danish Only)
• VUC (Adult Education Center). http://www.vuc-ribeamt.dk

Demographics

The following table shows the population of Ribe. Data from before the 18th century are estimates, the rest are taken from the official census.

Industry

Dancake has a factory in Ribe.

Twin cities and towns

Ribe Stork

(alphabetic list)

• Balleroy, région Basse-Normandie, France
• Ely, county of Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.
• Güstrow, state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany.
• Krems, federal state of Lower Austria, Austria.
• Leikanger, county of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway.
• Ratzeburg, state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
• Strängnäs, county of Södermanland, Sweden.
• Tainan (Chinese: 台南市), Taiwan Province, Republic of China - ("Taiwan").

References

• C. Michael Hogan. 2009. European White Stork: Ciconia ciconia, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg
• The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-521-36292-X.
• Tom Buk-Swienty. 2008. The Other Half: The Life of Jacob Riis and the World of Immigrant America, 331 pages
• This article incorporates text from the entry Ancient See of Ribe in the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. [1]

Line notes

1. ^ The New Cambridge Medieval History. 1995. Page 205
2. ^ Tom Buk-Swienty. 2008
3. ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2009

External links

• Official Tourism website
• Satellite Picture by Google Maps

v • d • e Trade emporia of the Viking Age (Baltic Sea) Dorestad · Kaupang · Lindholm · Hedeby · Ribe · Birka · Sigtuna · Köpingsvik Reric · Dierkow · Arkona · Ralswiek · Menzlin · Wolin · Bardy-Świelubie · Truso · Kaup · Grobin Vanaja · Aldeigja · Alaborg · Hólmgard · Gnezdovo · Sarskoe · Timerevo Lindanisa · Tarbatu