(b Red Bluff, ca, 30 April 1916). American conductor. His early career was as director of the Fred Waring Glee Club (1938-48). He was founder of the Collegiate Chorale in New York (1941), conducting it until 1954. From 1948 to 1966 he was conductor of the Robert Shaw Chorale, touring internationally with it, and in 1967 he became music director of the Atlanta SO.

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