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rough

  (rŭf) pronunciation
adj., rough·er, rough·est.
  1. Having a surface marked by irregularities, protuberances, or ridges; not smooth.
  2. Coarse or shaggy to the touch: a rough scratchy blanket.
    1. Difficult to travel over or through: the rough terrain of the highlands.
    2. Characterized by violent motion; turbulent: rough waters.
    3. Difficult to endure or live through, especially because of harsh or inclement weather: a rough winter.
    4. Unpleasant or difficult: had a rough time during the exam.
    1. Boisterous, unruly, uncouth, or rowdy: ran with a rough crowd.
    2. Lacking polish or finesse: rough manners.
  5. Characterized by carelessness or force, as in manipulating: broke the crystal through rough handling.
  6. Harsh to the ear: a rough raspy sound.
  7. Being in a natural state: rough diamonds.
  8. Not perfected, completed, or fully detailed: a rough drawing; rough carpentry.
n.
    1. Rugged overgrown terrain.
    2. Sports. The part of a golf course left unmowed and uncultivated.
  2. The difficult or disagreeable aspect, part, or side: observed politics in the rough when working as an intern on Capitol Hill.
  3. Something in an unfinished or hastily worked-out state.
  4. A crude unmannered person; a rowdy.
tr.v., roughed, rough·ing, roughs.
    1. To treat roughly or with physical violence: roughed up his opponent.
    2. Sports. To treat (an opposing player) with unnecessary roughness, often in violation of the rules: was ejected from the game for roughing the passer.
  2. To prepare or indicate in an unfinished form: rough out a house plan.
adv.

In a rough manner; roughly: The engine began to run rough and faltered.

idiom:

rough it

  1. To live without the usual comforts and conveniences: roughed it in a small hunting shack.

[Middle English, from Old English rūh.]

rougher rough'er n.
roughly rough'ly adv.
roughness rough'ness n.

SYNONYMS  rough, harsh, jagged, rugged, scabrous, uneven. These adjectives apply to what is not smooth but has a coarse, irregular surface. Rough describes something that to the sight or touch has inequalities, as projections or ridges: rough bark; rough, chapped hands. Something harsh is unpleasantly rough, discordant, or grating: harsh burlap; a harsh voice. Jagged refers to an edge or surface with irregular projections and indentations: a jagged piece of glass. Rugged can apply to land surfaces characterized by irregular, often steep rises and slopes: rugged countryside. Scabrous means rough and scaly to the touch: granular, scabrous skin. Uneven describes lines or surfaces of which some parts are not level with others: uneven ground; uneven handwriting. See also synonyms at rude.


 
 
Thesaurus: rough
also rough up

adjective

  1. Having a surface that is not smooth: coarse, cragged, craggy, harsh, ironbound, jagged, ragged, rugged, scabrous, uneven. See smooth/rough.
  2. Consisting of or covered with large particles: coarse, grainy, granular, gritty. See smooth/rough.
  3. Violently disturbed or agitated, as by storms: dirty, heavy, raging, roiled, roily, rugged, stormy, tempestuous, tumultuous, turbulent, ugly, violent, wild. See calm/agitation.
  4. Requiring great or extreme bodily, mental, or spiritual strength: arduous, backbreaking, burdensome, demanding, difficult, effortful, exacting, exigent, formidable, hard, heavy, laborious, onerous, oppressive, rigorous, severe, taxing, tough, trying, weighty. See heavy/light.
  5. Causing sharp, often prolonged discomfort: bitter, brutal, hard, harsh, severe. See comfort/discomfort.
  6. Hard to deal with or get out of: tight, tricky. Informal sticky. See easy/hard.
  7. Lacking in delicacy or refinement: barbarian, barbaric, boorish, churlish, coarse, crass, crude, gross, ill-bred, indelicate, philistine, rude, tasteless, uncivilized, uncouth, uncultivated, uncultured, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar. See courtesy/discourtesy, smooth/rough.
  8. Marked by vigorous physical exertion: knockabout, rough-and-tumble, rugged, strenuous, tough. See action/inaction.
  9. Disagreeable to the sense of hearing: dry, grating, harsh, hoarse, jarring, rasping, raspy, raucous, scratchy, squawky, strident. See sounds/pleasant sounds/unpleasant sounds/neutral sounds or silence.
  10. In a primitive state; not domesticated or cultivated; produced by nature: native, natural, uncultivated, undomesticated, untamed, wild. See wild/tame.
  11. Not perfected, elaborated, or completed: preliminary, sketchy, tentative, unfinished, unperfected, unpolished. See start/end.
  12. Lacking expert, careful craftsmanship: crude, primitive, raw, rude, unpolished. See good/bad.

verb

    To be rough or brutal with. knock about (or around), manhandle, slap around. Slang mess up. See attack/defend, strike/miss.

phrasal verb - rough in (or out)

    To draw up a preliminary plan or version of: adumbrate, block in (or out), draft, outline, sketch. See planned/unplanned.

phrasal verb - rough up

    To injure or damage, as by abuse or heavy wear: batter, knock about (or around), mangle1, maul. See attack/defend, help/harm/harmless, strike/miss.

noun

    A preliminary plan or version, as of a written work: draft, outline, skeleton, sketch. See planned/unplanned, words.

 
Idioms: rough

Idioms beginning with rough:
rough and ready
rough it
rough out
rough up

See also diamond in the rough; ride roughshod over; take the rough with the smooth; when the going gets rough.

 
Antonyms: rough

adj

Definition: approximate
Antonyms: accurate, complete, definite, exact, precise

adj

Definition: basic
Antonyms: fine, luxurious

adj

Definition: incomplete
Antonyms: accurate, complete, definite, precise

adj

Definition: rude, impolite
Antonyms: courteous, cultured, gentle, nice, polite, refined, sophisticated

adj

Definition: stormy; not quiet
Antonyms: calm, mild, moderate, temperate

adj

Definition: uneven, irregular
Antonyms: even, level, polished, regular, smooth

 
Word Tutor: rough
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: v. - Not smooth; Exhausting or unpleasant.

pronunciation Talk happiness. The world is sad enough without your woe. No path is wholly rough. — Ella Wilcox

 
Wikipedia: Rough (manga)
Rough
Cover of Rough volume 1.
ラフ
(Rafu)
Demographic Shōnen
Genre Romantic comedy, Sports (swimming)
Manga
Author Mitsuru Adachi
Publisher Flag of Japan Shogakukan
Serialized in Shounen Sunday
Original run 1987 – 1989
Volumes 12 (tankōbon)
6 (wideban)
7 (bunkoban)
4 (My First Wide)
Movie
Director Kentarō Ōtani
Producer Kazunari Yamanaka
Osamu Kubota
Composer Takayuki Hattori
Studio Toho
Released 2006-08-26
Runtime 106 minutes

Rough (ラフ Rafu?) is a romantic comedy swimming manga by Mitsuru Adachi. It was published by Shogakukan in Weekly Shōnen Sunday from 1987 to 1989, and collected in 12 tankōbon volumes. The series was adapted into a live action film in 2006, released in Japan by Toho.

The story is about high school student Keisuke Yamato, a 100 m freestyle swimmer, and Ami Ninomiya, the diver he falls in love with.[1][2] Their families own rival confectionary stores, and Ami hates Keisuke's family because she believes her grandfather was driven to an early death because of the Yamato "horned owl" manju, which outsold her family's owl manju because it had ears, making it larger.[3]

Characters

Keisuke Yamato (大和 圭介 Yamato Keisuke?)
Portrayed by: Mokomichi Hayami
The son of a Japanese confectionery store owner and a member of Eisen Private High School's swimming club. In junior high school, he won third place in the national 100 m freestyle championship three years running. Because he isn't satisfied with third place, he switches to the breaststroke at the beginning of high school. However, his coach convinces him to switch back to the 100 m and 200 m freestyle. His main problem is with his starts, but he improves after studying how Nakanishi swims.
Ami Ninomiya (二ノ宮 亜美 Ninomiya Ami?)
Portrayed by: Masami Nagasawa
The daughter of a Japanese confectionery store owner and a member of the diving team in Eisen's swimming club. She has the ability to see other people's strong points and is kind to everyone except Keisuke. She sends New Year's cards to Keisuke inscribed with the word "murderer". In contrast to the heroines of many of Adachi's other series, Ami is relatively normal and gets average grades. Ami was a gymnast in junior high school, but switched to diving in high school. She was born on March 4.
Hiroki Nakanishi (仲西 弘樹 Nakanishi Hiroki?)
Portrayed by: Tsuyoshi Abe
A college student and holder of the Japanese records in the 100 m and 200 m freestyle. He is a childhood friend of Ami, and wishes to become more than just a friend. Ami's father tries to arrange a marriage between Hiroki and Ami, both to cut off her growing relationship with Keisuke and to get the financial backing of the Nakanishi family. He is the youngest of three brothers.
Kaori Koyanagi (小柳 かおり Koyanagi Kaori?)
Portrayed by: Yui Ichikawa
A member of the diving team in Misugi Academy's swimming club, and current winner of 2nd place in the inter-high competitions. She has a very quick temper, and is very self-conscious of her less-developed body. In junior high school, when Keisuke mistakenly went into the girls' locker room at a swim meet and saw her naked from behind, he mistook her for a boy and told her she needed to put some more muscle. She is an intense rival to Ami, both in diving competitions and trying to interfere with her relationship with Keisuke. Yūji Serizawa is her boyfriend.
Kazuaki Seki (関 和明 Seki Kazuaki?)
A member of the Eisen swim team. While on his way to watch Ami diving, the swimming coach tests him for the team, and he passes despite the test being rigged to be harder than normal. Keisuke comes out of his slump after being made to tutor him in swimming, which forces him to focus on his on technique. He is ranked 3rd Dan in karate.
Kyōtarō Kitano (北野 京太郎 Kitano Kyōtarō?)
A member of the Eisen swim team, specializing in the butterfly. He attended the same junior high school as Ami. While he is very large and strong, he is very gentle and gets excellent grades. He ranks first in the school on the final exams his first year of high school. He is ranked second in the marathon, after Ogata.
Takeshi Ogata (緒方 剛 Ogata Takeshi?)
Portrayed by: Takuya Ishida
Cleanup hitter on Eisen's baseball team. He attended the same junior high school as Ami, and she considers him a good friend. In junior high, he promised to beat up anyone who asked Ami out on a date, and he followed through several times, even sending a few to the hospital. After doing poorly as a pitcher, he switches to third baseman. He is ranked first in the intra-school marathon. He moves back to his hometown during the summer of his second year in order to be closer to his ailing mother.
Masaru Kume (久米 勝 Kume Masaru?)
Portrayed by: Ren Mori
A member of the Eisen track team, specializing in the shot put. He has a good self-image, and puts a lot of passion into life. He is sometimes competes with Ogata at attracting the attention of girls. His appearance and physique is similar to Kōtarō Matsudaira from Adachi's series Touch.
Coach Furuya (古屋先生 Furuya-sensei?)
Portrayed by: Norito Yashima
A coach of the Eisen swimming club, in charge of the swimming races (100 m and 200 m freestyle, butterfly, and so on).
Coach Sakiyama (咲山先生 Sakiyama-sensei?)
Portrayed by: Maki Tamaru
A coach of the Eisen swimming club, in charge of the diving team.
Yūji Serizawa (芹沢 裕司 Serizawa Yūji?)
Holder of first place in the 100 m and 200 m freestyle inter-high records and Keisuke's rival since junior high competitions. Serizawa is arrogant and plans to beat Hiroki Nakanishi's records, but he's been unable to get past a plateau in his times, which scares him. Kaori Koyanagi is his girlfriend.
Kōsuke Yamato (大和 康介 Yamato Kōsuke?)
Keisuke's father and owner of the Yamato confectionery shop, which he inherited from his father. Like many fathers in Adachi's other series, he is generally useless, but has a discerning eye when it comes to between Ami and Keisuke's relationship.
Ami's father (亜美の父親 Ami no Chichioya?)
Portrayed by: Yutaka Matsushige
Owner of the Ninomiya confectionery shop. He deeply resents the Yamato shop, and has expanded his own shop to better compete. Every night before going to bed, he yells, "Die, Yamatos!" on his veranda. Keisuke is initially introduced to him as "Keisuke Yamada" to hide that he's the son of the rival Yamato family, and Ninomiya takes a liking to Keisuke. He is a 3rd Dan in judo.
Keisuke (けいすけ or 鶏助?)
A chick bought to commemorate a date between Keisuke Yamato and Ami Ninomiya. By the end of the series, it grows into a rooster. The chick was named by Ami's roommate, who wasn't aware of Ami's hated of Yamato family and Keisuke in particular. When written in kanji, the kei (鶏?) can be read as "chicken" and suke (助?) as "rescued", so its name can mean "rescued chicken". Keisuke appears on the spine of the bunkoban editions of the Rough manga.
Narita (成田?)
The leader of the delinquent gang at Eisen Private High School. He has had trouble remembering names since he was little. When he first appears, he tells the new students to call him senpai to show the proper respect to seniors. While he has a menacing appearance, he often helps people out when they need it. In Adachi's manga Cross Game, there is a character with the same name and appearance, but the series are not related.
Gramps Ōba (大場のじいさん Ōba no Jiisan?)
Master of an aikido dojo and old friend of both the Yamato and Ninomiya families. When the feud broke out between Keisuke's and Ami's parents and they were too busy competing with each other, he watched the two children. Unbeknownst to the parents, Keisuke and Ami became good friends while they were young, though neither remembers knowing the other when they were young. After they grew older, Ōba decided to keep an eye on them.

Other film characters

Reiko Kinoshita (木下 理恵子 Kinoshita Reiko?)
Portrayed by: Mai Takahashi
Midori Shōji (東海林 緑 Shōji Midori?)
Portrayed by: Manami Kurose
Shigeko Shōji (東海林 茂子 Shōji Shigeko?)
Portrayed by: Eriko Watanabe
Haruko Tanuma (田沼 春子 Tanuma Haruko?)
Portrayed by: Natsu Andō
Isamu Wataru (渡 いさむ Wataru Isamu?)
Portrayed by: Yū Tokui
Female students
Portrayed by: Ayaka Ikezaka, Yūko Masumoto

Sources:[2][4][5]

Live-action film

A live-action film based on Rough was released in Japan on 2006-08-26 by Toho. It follows the same basic story, though in a somewhat condensed form.

Staff

  • Director: Kentarō Ōtani
  • Screenplay: Arisa Kaneko
  • Music: Takayuki Hattori
    • Theme song: Guarana (ガラナ Garana?), performed by Sukima Switch
    • Insert songs: Touching the Future (ふれて未来を Furete Mirai o?), Full-Powered Boys (全力少年 Zenryoku Shōnen?), Kanade (奏?), all performed by Sukima Switch
    • Special insert song: Forever with You (君といつまでも Kimi to Itsumademo?), performed by Yūzō Kayama
  • Development Assistance: Yūji Yamagata, Shiho Kawauchi, Tomomi Sakaguchi
  • Production Supervisor: Hideyuki Honma
  • Planning: Genki Kawamura
  • Producers: Kazunari Yamanaka, Osamu Kubota
  • Line Producer: Kōji Maeda
  • Casting Producer: Shiro Kido
  • Production: Toho
  • Distribution: Toho

Sources:[5]

References

  1. ^ Rough (manga) (English). Anime News Network. Retrieved on 2007-07-03.
  2. ^ a b Rough (English). AdachiFan. Retrieved on 2007-07-03.
  3. ^ Van Huffel, Peter (2004-01-17). Adachi Mitsuru あだち充 (English). Retrieved on 2007-07-03.
  4. ^ Chen, David. Rough ラフ (English). Retrieved on 2007-07-03.
  5. ^ a b 映画「ラフ」Official Site (Japanese). Retrieved on 2007-07-11.

External links


The Works of Mitsuru Adachi
Manga
Bōken Shōnen •• Cross Game •• H2 •• Hiatari Ryōkō! •• Idol Ace •• Itsumo Misora •• Jinbē •• Katsu! •• Little Boy •• Miyuki •• Niji Iro Tōgarashi •• Nine •• Oira Hōkago Wakadaishō •• Rough •• Short Program •• Slow Step •• Touch
As artist
Gamushara (by Jūzō Yamazaki) •• Hatsukoi Kōshien (by Jūzō Yamazaki) •• Heart no A (by Akira Saiga) •• Hirahira-kun Seishun Jingi (by Mamoru Sasaki) •• Hirahira-kun Seishun Ondo (by Mamoru Sasaki) •• Hirahira-kun Seishun Taiko (by Mamoru Sasaki) •• Kibasen (by Kai Takizawa) •• Kieta Bakuon (by Riki Kitazawa) •• Kōshientama (by Mamoru Sasaki) •• Nakimushi Kōshien (by Jūzō Yamazaki) •• Ohikenasutte! Yakyū Jingi (by Mamoru Sasaki) •• Rainbowman (by Kōhan Kawauchi) •• Yūhi yo Nobore!! (by Jūzō Yamazaki)

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
Translations: Translations for: Rough

Dansk (Danish)
adj. - ru, ujævn, barsk, hårdhændet, ufølsom, hensynsløs
adv. - groft, hårdt, hårdhændet
n. - barske vilkår, ruhed, hård overflade
v. tr. - gøre ru, tilhugge groft, tackle hårdt

idioms:

  • cut up rough    skrue bissen på
  • rough and ready    uden dikkedarer, jævn og ligetil, upoleret
  • rough and tumble    tummel, spektakel, håndgemæng
  • rough copy    kladde, råbillede
  • rough diamond    usleben diamand
  • rough house    ballade, optøjer, slagsmål
  • rough it    leve primitivt
  • rough out    skitsere groft
  • rough ride    barsk periode, give en hård medfart, tilride heste
  • rough up    maltraktere, give en hård behandling
  • sleep rough    sove udendørs
  • take the rough with the smooth    tage det, som det kommer, tage det sure med det søde
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    skælde huden fuld

Nederlands (Dutch)
ruw, oneffen, stroef, onguur, globaal, niet gedetailleerd, buiten het gras in golf, onprettig, stormachtig

Français (French)
adj. - rêche, rugueux, cahoteux, sauvage, sec (un gazon), brutal, violent, sommaire, rapide, dur, difficile, grossier, rudimentaire, âpre, agité, gros (le temps), mouvementé (un atterrissage), patraque (fam)
adv. - à la dure, brutalement
n. - (Sport) rough, brouillon, (gén) ébauche
v. tr. - ébouriffer (les cheveux), hérisser (le poil), rendre (qch) rêche/rugueux, bousculer, malmener, préparer une ébauche

idioms:

  • a rough ride    (rendre) la vie dure (à qn)
  • cut up rough    devenir violent
  • in the rough    (être) dans l'herbe longue (au golf)
  • rough and ready    fruste, rudimentaire, sommaire
  • rough and tumble    chahut, (fig) mêlée
  • rough copy    brouillon
  • rough diamond    un diamant brut, (GB) brave homme
  • rough house    chahut, boucan, bagarre
  • rough it    vivre à la dure
  • rough out    esquisser, ébaucher
  • rough up    bousculer, malmener, tabasser
  • sleep rough    (dormir) à la dure
  • take the rough with the smooth    prendre le bon avec le mauvais
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    ne pas mâcher ses mots, parler brutalement (à qn)

Deutsch (German)
adj. - roh, rauh, hart, primitiv, rüde, wild, uneben, holprig
n. - das Rauhe, Rowdy
v. - aufrauhen, zerzausen
adv. - roh, rauh

idioms:

  • a rough ride    es schwer haben, holperige Fahrt
  • cut up rough    sich aggressiv benehmen
  • in the rough    (be) [sich] im Rohzustand [befinden]
  • rough and ready    provisorisch, skizzenhaft
  • rough and tumble    wild, Schlägerei
  • rough copy    Entwurf
  • rough diamond    Rohdiamant, rauhe aber herzliche Person
  • rough house    Schlägerei
  • rough it    primitiv leben
  • rough out    (grob) entwerfen
  • rough up    zerzausen, fertigmachen
  • sleep rough    draußen schlafen
  • take the rough with the smooth    die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    rauher Ton

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - τραχύς, ανώμαλος, ταραχώδης, απότομος, δύσκολος, πρόχειρος, στοιχειώδης, χοντρός, άγριος, βίαιος, βάναυσος, άξεστος, σκληρός, (για θάλασσα κ.λπ.) κυματώδης, φουρτουνιασμένος, χονδροειδής, πρόστυχος, ακατέργαστος, βιαστικός, πρόχειρος, κατά προσέγγιση
n. - ανωμαλία (εδάφους), ανώμαλο έδαφος, αναποδιά, δυσκολία (της ζωής), νταής, παλικαράς
v. - αγριεύω, τραχύνω, αναστατώνω, ανακατεύω
adv. - τραχιά, σκληρά

idioms:

  • cut up rough    αγριεύω, εξαγριώνομαι
  • rough and ready    πρόχειρος, τσαπατσούλικος (κν. άρπα-κόλλα)
  • rough and tumble    μάλε-βράσε, πατιρντί, (επίθ.) άτακτος, ακανόνιστος, φύρδην μίγδην
  • rough copy    χονδροειδές αντίγραφο, αρχική/πρώτη μορφή κειμένου
  • rough diamond    ακατέργαστο διαμάντι, (καθομ.) καλόκαρδος αλλά άξεστος άνθρωπος
  • rough house    φασαρία, καβγάς
  • rough it    τη βγάζω σπαρτιάτικα, κάνω χωρίς ανέσεις, αντιμετωπίζω δυσκολίες
  • rough out    σκιαγραφώ, προσχεδιάζω, κάνω πρόχειρα
  • rough ride    δυσάρεστη κατάσταση ή εμπειρία
  • rough up    χαλάω, τραχύνω, στραπατσάρω
  • sleep rough    κοιμάμαι στο ύπαιθρο ή χωρίς κρεβάτι, κοιμάμαι όπου τύχει
  • take the rough with the smooth    δέχομαι τα πράγματα όπως έλθουν
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    σκληρή κριτική, σκληρά λόγια, σχολιανά

Italiano (Italian)
ruvido, aspro, selvaggio, grossolano, circa, irregolare

idioms:

  • rough and ready    alla buona
  • rough and tumble    rissa
  • rough copy    brutta copia
  • rough diamond    diamante grezzo
  • rough house    rissa
  • rough it    vivere alla buona
  • rough out    abbozzare
  • rough ride    esperienza difficile
  • rough up    conciare per le feste
  • sleep rough    dormire per terra
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    parole severe

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - áspero, brutal, rústico
n. - indivíduo grosseiro (m), desordeiro (m), valentão (m)
v. - ofender, tornar áspero, maltratar
adv. - asperamente, grosseiramente

idioms:

  • cut up rough    zangar-se
  • rough and ready    prático, improvisado
  • rough and tumble    irregular, turbulento
  • rough copy    rascunho
  • rough diamond    diamante bruto
  • rough house    rixa
  • rough it    viver sem conforto
  • rough out    esboçar
  • rough ride    peão (m)
  • rough up    alfinetar alguém (coloq.)
  • sleep rough    dormir ao relento
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    passar uma descompostura em alguém

Русский (Russian)
грубый, необработанный, шероховатый, приблизительный, черновой

idioms:

  • cut up rough    буянить
  • rough and ready    примитивный, приблизительный, временный
  • rough and tumble    суматоха, гуща, грубый
  • rough copy    черновой вариант
  • rough diamond    неотшлифованный алмаз, личность с хорошим характером но не умеет себя вести
  • rough house    потасовка, драка
  • rough it    жить без удобств
  • rough out    делать набросок, составлять черновик
  • rough ride    (я тебе устрою) веселую жизнь!
  • rough up    применить рукоприкладство
  • sleep rough    спать где попало
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    выслушивать нелицеприятные слова

Español (Spanish)
adj. - áspero, rugoso, basto, destemplado, severo, duro, tosco, rudo, bruto, violento, aproximado, desigual, escabroso, accidentado
adv. - violentamente, en forma accidentada
n. - lo áspero, tosco, duro, persona brutal, terreno escabroso, piedra preciosa sin pulir
v. tr. - poner o ponerse áspero, rugoso, escabroso, etc., hacer o labrar toscamente, tratar con dureza, molestar

idioms:

  • a rough ride    domar caballos, rodeo, miembro de un antiguo regimiento voluntario de caballería
  • cut up rough    (tabaco) cortado en partes gruesas e irregulares, hacer la edición de un filme por primera vez
  • in the rough    en bruto, en estado natural
  • rough and ready    improvisado, tosco pero eficaz, inculto pero eficiente, aproximado
  • rough and tumble    agitado, movido
  • rough copy    borrador
  • rough diamond    diamante en bruto
  • rough house    pelea, camorra, jaleo
  • rough it    vivir sin comodidades, pasar muchas dificultades
  • rough out    bosquejar, esbozar
  • rough up    darle una paliza a, erizar, poner de punta
  • sleep rough    dormir al raso, dormir en el suelo
  • take the rough with the smooth    estar a las duras y a las maduras, en las buenas y en las malas
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    cantarlas bien claro

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - grov, skrovlig, raggig, oländig, hårdhänt, ohyfsad, obearbetad, ungefärlig
n. - oländig mark, besvärlighet, råskiss, ligist, brodd
v. - yxa till, skissera, brodda
adv. - grovt, våldsamt, ojuste

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
粗糙的, 草率的, 粗暴的, 粗糙地, 粗暴地, 高低不平的地面, 未加工状态, 深草区, 粗制品, 使不平, 使粗糙, 粗制, 使蓬乱, 草拟, 画...的轮廓

idioms:

  • cut up rough    发怒
  • rough and ready    将就的
  • rough and tumble    拼抢, 争夺, 混战, 乱作一团
  • rough copy    草稿
  • rough diamond    未加工的钻石
  • rough house    大吵大闹, 大打出手, 骚乱
  • rough it    生活简单
  • rough out    概略地画出, 草拟
  • rough ride    当驯马师
  • rough up    粗暴对待, 殴打
  • sleep rough    在公园过夜
  • take the rough with the smooth    能享乐也能吃苦
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    言谈粗野

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 粗糙的, 草率的, 粗暴的
adv. - 粗糙地, 粗暴地
n. - 高低不平的地面, 未加工狀態, 深草區, 粗製品
v. tr. - 使不平, 使粗糙, 粗製, 使蓬亂, 草擬, 畫...的輪廓

idioms:

  • cut up rough    發怒
  • rough and ready    將就的
  • rough and tumble    拼搶, 爭奪, 混戰, 亂作一團
  • rough copy    草稿
  • rough diamond    未加工的鑽石
  • rough house    大吵大鬧, 大打出手, 騷亂
  • rough it    生活簡單
  • rough out    概略地畫出, 草擬
  • rough ride    當馴馬師
  • rough up    粗暴對待, 毆打
  • sleep rough    在公園過夜
  • take the rough with the smooth    能享樂也能吃苦
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    言談粗野

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 거친, 버릇없는, 미완성의
adv. - 거칠게, 대강, 우악하게
n. - 울퉁불퉁한 땅, 거친 것, 개략
v. tr. - 거칠게 하다, 대충 모양을 만들다, 곤두세우다

idioms:

  • cut up rough    성내다, 난폭하게 설치다
  • rough out    대충 모양을 만들다
  • rough up    때리다, 상처를 입히다
  • take the rough with the smooth    인생의 부침에 개의치 않다
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    호되게 꾸짖다

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 粗い, ざらざらした, もじゃもじゃした, 仕上げをしていない, 大ざっぱな, 粗野な, 素朴な, 荒れた, 乱暴な, つらい, 苦しい, 粗末な, 不便な
n. - でこぼこの土地, ラフ, 困難, 不愉快, 素描, 乱暴者
v. - ざらざらにする, 逆立てる, 大ざっぱに作る
adv. - 荒っぽく

idioms:

  • a rough diamond    素質はあるが粗削りの人
  • rough and ready    粗野な
  • rough and tumble    無謀な, 乱闘
  • rough copy    下書き
  • rough diamond    有能だが荒削りな人, ラフダイアモンド
  • rough handling    手荒な扱い, 酷使
  • rough house    大騒ぎ
  • rough it    不便を忍ぶ, 不便な生活をする
  • rough justice    不公平
  • rough out    ざっと描く
  • rough passage    荒天の航海, 試練の時
  • rough ride    厳しい批判
  • rough up    手荒く扱う, でこぼこにする, かき乱す
  • take the rough with the smooth    苦楽を受け入れる
  • the rough edge of one's tongue    厳しくしかり付ける

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) خشن, مضطرب, قاسي, فظ, خام (الاسم) أرض وعرة, الجانب القاسي من أي شيئ (فعل) يخشن, يتخاشن (ظرف) بخشونه أو بفظاظه‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮מחוספס, גס, קשה, לא חלק, מתפרע, גועש, סוער, צורמני, לא מעובד, לא מלוטש, שעיר‬
adv. - ‮בצורה נוקשה, גסות‬
n. - ‮מצב קשה, מצוקה, משטח לא חלק, שטח זרוע עשבים, בריון, טיוטה‬
v. tr. - ‮חספס, פרע (שיער), ערך שרטוט ראשוני‬

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Idioms. The American Heritage® Dictionary of Idioms by Christine Ammer. Copyright © 1997 by The Christine Ammer 1992 Trust. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Answers Corporation Antonyms. © 1999-2008 by Answers Corporation. All rights reserved.  Read more
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