rusticate

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For more information on rustication, visit Britannica.com.

In masonry, stone cut in such a way that the joints are sunk in some sort of channel, the faces of the stones projecting beyond them. In addition, those faces are usually roughened to form a contrast with ordinary dressed ashlar. Rusticated masonry enhances the visual impact of keystones, plinths, quoins, and even entire storeys, while its application to whole façades can suggest power, solidity, and even the Sublime. Rusticating is the carving or creation of rustication, or the making of a texture on a face. Types of rustication include:

banded: plain or textured ashlar with the horizontal joints only grooved, giving the impression of a series of bands;
chamfered: with each ashlar chamfered to create V-shaped joints, either all round each stone or, if at the tops and bottoms, to create banded rustication with chamfers;
channelled: with a rectangular sunken channel at the joints, formed horizontally only or round each stone;
congelated: see frosted below;
cyclopean: rock-faced or quarry-faced ashlar with dressed projecting rough faces, as though recently taken from the quarry, giving a massive, powerful, impregnable effect particularly useful for plinths, piers of viaducts, etc.;
diamond-pointed: with ashlar blocks cut with chamfered faces giving the effect in a wall of a series of small pyramids or hipped roofs set on their sides, also called prismatic or pyramidal rustication;
frosted: carved to look like icicles or stalactites, also called congelated rustication, normally found on fountains, in grottoes, or other situations associated with water;
reticulated: carved with indentations leaving the surface connected in an irregular net-like pattern;
rock-faced: as cyclopean above;
smooth: with joints clearly shown by some means (e.g. channels or V-joints) but the faces flat and plain;
V-jointed: as chamfered above;
vermiculated: with the face carved as though eaten away in parts, with irregular worm-like tracks and holes all over it, reminiscent of wood or sand.

Varieties of ashlar and rusticated masonry

Dansk (Danish)
v. intr. - bo på landet, trække sig tilbage på landet
v. tr. - gøre landlig, rustificere

Nederlands (Dutch)
op het platteland gaan wonen, rustiek maken

Français (French)
v. intr. - se retirer à la campagne
v. tr. - (GB, Univ) exclure temporairement

Deutsch (German)
v. - zeitweilig von der Universität ausschließen

Ελληνική (Greek)
v. - αποσύρομαι στην εξοχή, τιμωρώ (φοιτητή) με προσωρινή αποβολή

Italiano (Italian)
vivere in campagna

Português (Portuguese)
v. - tornar rústico

Русский (Russian)
временно исключать

Español (Spanish)
v. intr. - rusticar
v. tr. - vivir en el campo, expulsar temporalmente

Svenska (Swedish)
v. - relegera, leva på landet, göra lantligt

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
到乡下, 变得乡气, 择居乡村, 变得粗鲁, 使定居乡村, 勒令...退学, 使乡气

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
v. intr. - 到鄉下, 變得鄉氣, 擇居鄉村, 變得粗魯
v. tr. - 使定居鄉村, 勒令...退學, 使鄉氣

한국어 (Korean)
v. intr. - 시골로 은퇴하다, 시골에서 살다
v. tr. - 시골로 보내다, 시골풍으로 하다, 정학 처분하다

日本語 (Japanese)
v. - 田舎へ引っ込む, 田舎住まいする, 田舎風にする, 停学を命じる, 田舎に行く, 田舎に住まわせる, 停学を命ずる

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(فعل) يقيم في الريف, يجعله ريفيا, يطرد من الجامعه مؤقتا‏

עברית (Hebrew)
v. intr. - ‮חי בכפר, הושעה זמנית מלימודיו (סטודנט), פרש למגורים בכפר‬
v. tr. - ‮סיתת סיתות גס, עשה לכפרי, השעה זמנית מהלימודים (סטודנט)‬

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