Two beings vow to that one will kill the other. It is assumed that if this vow is broken there would be a dire consequence, as when War defeats Uriel he disobeys The Watcher saying that "The Nex Sacramentum is mine. I decide when the angel dies. Not you." The Watcher then releases War from his magic, indicating that the Death Oath is a law he dare not disobey. It is unknown exactly what would happen if this law was broken.