The military does not utilize one specific martial art that
exists outside of the military. The green berets will have
undergone training in grappling as well as striking, disarming and
other CQC (close quarters combat) techniques. Note that their
training is not oriented towards winning tournaments, fighting with
gloves, or just roughing up some guy at a bar - they are trained to
kill, disable, submissify.
The closest single styles of martial arts to what the American
military uses (at any given level) are Krav Maga and Sambo (which
are related). Krav Maga is the martial art that was developed and
is utilized by the Israeli military (standard and special forces).
(Combat) Sambo is the martial art that was developed and is
utilized by the Russian military (standard and special forces).
There is also sport Sambo, which is obviously different.