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The Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans ( Acharya ) were the basic teachers of malayali of ancient and medieval kerala.

The Kaniyar or Ganaka people were generally scholars in sanskrit and astrology.

They were the only agents for sanskritisation of eligible non- brahmin people of Kerala till 17th century.

For the acquisition of intellectual abilities in literacy and numeracy ,all non -Brahmin pupils of ancient and medieval kerala were indebted to Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans .

Even though the sudra people were prohibetd from learning sanskrit in that era ,the Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans had taught them to read, write ,recite and calculate , along with the sanskrit literature ( kavyas ) and superficial knowledge of astronomy and astrology.

They had set up ezhuthu salai and ezhuthu palli (kalari or pallikoodam) in pre- medieval and medieval era respectively .

When most of the people lost their interest in intellectual pursuite and turned for martial training during the medieval period ,again the Kalari Panicker or Kalari Kurup of ( a sect of Kaniyar panicker) Kochin region become their preceptors (Asan ) in Kalari.

Every academic year were begun on Vijaya dasami pooja day. Elementary education was initiated with oral learning and then allowed to practice with writing in sand , eventually taught them to scriblbe on palm leaf .

Since 18th century ,the learned members from other castes had also begun take up the role of Asan and helped their pupil to acquire literacy and numeracy.

During the later half of British imperialistic era ,the ezhuthupalli (pials) had lost its significance as the English education had gained a higher momentum.

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The Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans ( Acharya ) were the basic teachers of malayali of ancient and medieval kerala.

The Kaniyar or Ganaka people were generally scholars in sanskrit and astrology.

They were the only agents for sanskritisation of eligible non- brahmin people of Kerala till 17th century.

For the acquisition of intellectual abilities in literacy and numeracy ,all non -Brahmin pupils of ancient and medieval kerala were indebted to Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans .

Even though the sudra people were prohibetd from learning sanskrit in that era ,the Kaniyar or Ganaka Asans had taught them to read, write ,recite and calculate , along with the sanskrit literature ( kavyas ) and superficial knowledge of astronomy and astrology.

They had set up ezhuthu salai and ezhuthu palli (kalari or pallikoodam) in pre- medieval and medieval era respectively .

When most of the people lost their interest in intellectual pursuite and turned for martial training during the medieval period ,again the Kalari Panicker or Kalari Kurup of ( a sect of Kaniyar panicker) Kochin region become their preceptors (Asan ) in Kalari.

Every academic year were begun on Vijaya dasami pooja day. Elementary education was initiated with oral learning and then allowed to practice with writing in sand , eventually taught them to scriblbe on palm leaf .

Since 18th centuary ,the learned members from other castes had also taken up the role of Asan to conduct ezhuthu pallikkodam.

During later half of the British imperialistic era ,the ezhuthupalli (pials) had lost its significance as the English education had gained tremendous momentum.

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Generally the Asan Kalaris of ancient Kerala were the sole institution for elementary education for past generations of Keralites . It was from where the pupil did acquire the basic abilities for literacy and numeracy .They helped to develop and sharpen the skills of 3 R (read, write and recite).

Though English system of education has been widely replaced the ezhuthu Kalari, since the 19th century, the ancestors of present generation of Keralites undoubtedly owed to the Ezhuthu kalari system for their intellectual advance ment.

History of education system of Kerala dates back to samgam age with all its vicissitudes. Budhist and Jain teachers were the earlier Gurus.

Later pada salai kala salai culture established and Matoms(exclusively for Brahmans ) for education purpose .

But, since the medieval period, ezhuthu palli or kalari were the only sources for elementary education to eligible- non brahmans.

Kaniyar or Ganaka people were the teachers of such Ezhuthu palli or Asan Kalary.They were always esteemed as teachers in every parlance by virtue of their scholarship in sanskrit and astrology. So they were honoured with a title "Asan'' ( Acharyan) , particularly in southern region of Kerala

In northern region of Kerala (Malabar) they were known as Kanisan (truncated form of kaniyar-Asan) and in Kochin area as Kaniyar Panicker(Kalari panicker or Kurup) in view of their role as martial art preceptors. some places they were known as Ezhuthu asan.

It was through them the sanskritisation of non- Brahmin people was made possible, especially while a period sudras were stringently prohibited from learning sanskrit.

It is notable that the development of Malayalam as a distinct language was begun through the tremondous literary contributions from some Kaniyar scholars such as Ayyipilli Asan(Ramacharitham pattu) Kannassa Panickers (kannassa ramayanam) Ezhthachan(Adyatma ramayanam)

Since 18th century , the learned members from others castes(Nair,Ezhava etc) had also taken up the role as Asan and had set up Ezhuthu pallikkoodam.

Highest number of contribution in Malayalam literature began since late 18th century and that was the renaissance period of Kerala. it is unfair to omit the fact that in addition to multiple factors, the Literacy has also enabled the Keralites for social revolution.

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