saw

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n.
Any of various tools, either hand-operated or power-driven, having a thin metal blade or disk with a sharp, usually toothed edge, used for cutting wood, metal, or other hard materials.


v., sawed, sawed, or sawn (sôn), saw·ing, saws.

v.tr.
  1. To cut or divide with a saw.
  2. To produce or shape with a saw: sawed a hole in the board.
  3. To make back-and-forth motions through or on: a speaker who saws the air with his arms.
v.intr.
  1. To use a saw: sawing along the chalk line.
  2. To undergo cutting with a saw: Pine wood saws easily.

[Middle English sawe, from Old English sagu.]

sawer saw'er n.

saw2 () pronunciation
n.
A familiar saying, especially one that has become trite through repetition. See synonyms at saying.

[Middle English sawe, from Old English sagu, speech.]


saw3 () pronunciation
v.
Past tense of see1.



meaning 'to cut with a saw', has the past form sawed and past participle sawn or (occasionally) sawed. As an adjective referring to a shotgun, sawn-off is the only form used.

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Tool for cutting solid materials to prescribed lengths or shapes. Most saws take the form of a thin metal strip with teeth on one edge or a thin metal disk with teeth on the edge. The teeth are usually set to alternate sides so that the kerf (groove) cut by the saw is wider than the thickness of the saw; the saw blade can thus move freely in the groove without binding. Thin-strip saws are used in various ways in both hand and machine operations; circular, or disk, saws are always machine powered ( sawing machine, machine tool).

For more information on saw, visit Britannica.com.

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Background

A saw is a hand tool with a toothed blade used to cut hard materials such as wood or bone. They are among the oldest known tools. Innovations made over thousands of years are still present in modern, mass-produced examples.

The first flint saws appeared during the early Paleolithic Era, between 60,000 and 10,000 B.C. Stone saws and composite saws made of stone bladelets or "microliths" set into a bone handle also were made during this time. The first metal blades were made possible by the discovery of copper about 4,000 years ago.

As the Iron Age began, the weaker copper and bronze were discarded and raked teeth were finally made possible. Eventually it became apparent that increasing the number of teeth in a saw increased the efficiency of its use. Small saws were used for carpentry, with the Asian style of pull-saws being specifically used by the Ancient Egyptians. Hieroglyphics discovered in Egyptian monuments record the Egyptians' use of the saw in their methods of furniture making. Adjustments in saw design were made according to a saw's intended application. For example, spaced teeth allowed the saw to double as a rake after the cutting stroke, removing sawdust from the developing "kern" or cut.

Saws continued to be improved as innovations in metallurgy were developed. Leonardo da Vinci invented a marble saw during the fifteenth century, and many developers in Europe and abroad took advantage of improvements in steel to create a better cutting edge. Throughout the seventeenth century, the strongest blades were still the narrowest. The bow saw—named for its structural similarity to the bow and arrow—continued to be popular because of this limitation. The popularity of the wooden frame saw among the early European settlers in America has been attributed to the scarcity of metal in the colonies at that time, as well as to the lack of wide-rolled steel.

With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, stronger, more durable saws were produced. For example, various forms of the circular saw were being made during the early eighteenth century, though the first patent in the United States was granted to Benjamin Cummins of New York in 1814. Today, a wide variety of manual and power saws are produced for consumer as well as commercial use.

Raw Materials

Tempered, high-grade tool steel, alloyed with certain other metals, is the main material used to manufacture the saw blade. Handles used to be made solely of wood, but modern tools can also be made with molded plastic.

Design

There are three major types of hand-held saws: the hacksaw, the bucksaw, and the iconically familiar crosscut or ripsaw.

The crosscut saw cuts across the grain, while the ripsaw cuts along the grain. The teeth of a saw are formulated differently to fulfill different needs. If the angle is too extreme, the teeth will catch on the wood. If the angle is too shallow, the teeth will be unable to cut at all. The teeth of a crosscut saw are angled more obtusely than those of a ripsaw, to slice into the wood grain without chiseling it. Conversely, the cutting edge of the ripsaw is set at right angles to the actual blade, so the teeth act like little chisels. A hardwood saw's teeth are optimally angled at 60 degrees, while softer woods must be cut with teeth set at a more acute angle, generally 45 degrees. Seasoned and green woods also call for differently shaped blades. A coarse saw has about five teeth per inch (two per cm), which is best when cutting green or soft wood. A fine saw, with at least eight teeth per inch (two per cm), can make smooth cuts in seasoned hardwood intended for show, or for more intricate constructions like dove-tailing.

The Manufacturing
Process

  1. A special type of steel alloyed with tungsten is produced and rolled into strips. The thickness of the strip sets the thickness of the finished blade and is gauged by the same instruments used to measure wires.
  2. The blades are then stamped out of the alloyed steel using stamping machines. The overall shape of the handsaw blade narrows from handle to tip. The best saws have a "crown" or curved cutting edge, rather than a straight one, so fewer teeth are in contact with the surface of the wood at any given time while the saw is in motion. Most inexpensive handsaws are of a uniform thickness.
  3. The blade is then processed according to standards for optimal use. Depending on the type of saw, different techniques may be applied. The crosscut saw, for instance, is bevel filed. The back of a handsaw is ground thinner than the toothed edge to reduce friction during use. Handsaws are generally taper ground.
  4. The "set" or adjustment of the blade's teeth is crucial to the saw's effectiveness, so teeth are measured with a gauge made of plate steel that analyses three teeth at a time. Then, they are cut and bent in altemating directions. Too much angling away from each other, however, results in a saw that does not cut properly.
  5. Hardening comes next. The classic technique used for centuries includes hammering the blade to render it "tensioned," so it displays the best combination of stiffness and flexibility. Many variations are possible. Today, professional hacksaws are hardened throughout, while those intended for home use have only their teeth hardened.
  6. A coating of rust protection is sprayed on the hardened saw blade.
  7. Finally, the blades are fastened to separately made, injection-molded handles.

Quality Control

The American National Standard is intended to regulate the set of blades for safety as well as optimal use, since a badly made saw can be a hazard. Hacksaw blades with 24-32 teeth per inch (10-13 teeth per cm) must be set wavy. Other types of saws require a "raker set" in which every third tooth is left unset. The composite of the metal used is also regulated. A standard steel blade, in order to be called that, cannot be more than 1.25% alloy. For industrial and high-power saws, a high-speed steel blade must be able to withstand a temperature up to 1,000°F (537.78°C).

The Future

Thanks to such user-friendly optimization software as computer aided design (CAD), refinements are being experimented with that may retard the effects of repetitive motion on the handsaw user. "Cumulative Trauma Disorders," as they are known in the field, must be counteracted by ergonomic research. Goals include spreading the impact of using a saw over a larger area, reducing the need for sharp corrective movements, and improving the fit of the handle to avoid uncomfortable hand and arm positions. Volunteer test groups are used to gauge consumer needs and professional users test prototypes of products under development.

The same approach is being made towards improving both large and small scale power tools. Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM), and numerical control (NC) techniques allow saw manufacturers to cut waste and improve efficiency. Circle saws in the lumber industry have been reinvented with the help of finite element analysis. The Saw Paw Corporation of Pennsylvania holds patents on a recyclable, one-piece carbide saw shank and bit. The streamlined design is geared towards improving efficiency, while lengthening life expectancy, in order to lower the long-term cost of use.

Where to Learn More

Books

Armentrout, Patricia and David. The Saw. Rourke Publishers Group, 1995.

Disston, Henry. The Saw In History. H. Disston & Sons, Inc., 1922.

Goodman, W. L. The History of Woodworking Tools. G. Bell and Sons, Ltd., 1964.

Saws. Miller Freeman Publishers, 1990.

Periodicals

Christianson, Rich. "Computer Advances Drive Panel Saws Forward." Wood & Wood Products, October 1996, pp. 83-90.

[Article by: Jennifer Swift Kramer]


noun

    A usually pithy and familiar statement expressing an observation or principle generally accepted as wise or true: adage, aphorism, byword, maxim, motto, proverb, saying. See words.

A cutting tool having a thin, flat metal blade, band, or stiff plate with cutting teeth along the edge; worked either by a reciprocating motion (as in a handsaw) or by a continuous motion (as in a band saw).


A cynical view of the world by Ambrose Bierce


n.

A trite popular saying, or proverb. (Figurative and colloquial.) So called because it makes its way into a wooden head. Following are examples of old saws fitted with new teeth.

        A penny saved is a penny to squander.
    
        A man is known by the company that he organizes.
    
        A bad workman quarrels with the man who calls him that.
    
        A bird in the hand is worth what it will bring.
    
        Better late than before anybody has invited you.
    
        Example is better than following it.
    
        Half a loaf is better than a whole one if there is much else.
    
        Think twice before you speak to a friend in need.
    
        What is worth doing is worth the trouble of asking somebody to 
    do it.
    
        Least said is soonest disavowed.
    
        He laughs best who laughs least.
    
        Speak of the Devil and he will hear about it.
    
        Of two evils choose to be the least.
    
        Strike while your employer has a big contract.
    
        Where there's a will there's a won't.


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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A power tool for cutting wood.

pronunciation My dad let me use the saw to cut the wood for the doghouse.

LearnThatWord.com is a free vocabulary and spelling program where you only pay for results!

as in: to saw wood
sign description: One C-hand stays stationary while the opposite S-hand moves back and forth.




verb
verb

1:
to saw gourds US To snore. (1870 —) .

2:
to saw a chunk (etc.) off to copulate. (1961 —) .
J. Wainwright The act is...known, in polite circles, as 'copulation'. Known, in less polite circles, as...'sawing a length off' (1977).

[In sense 1, from the sound of snoring.]


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Next:sawbones, sawbuck, sawn

Multi-toothed cutting instrument.

  • chain s. — see pearson saw.
  • Stryker s. — see stryker saw.
  • surgical s. — modeled on carpentry tools but made of sterilizable materials; used for cutting cartilage and bone.
  • wire s. — see wire saw, gigli wire saw.

n

A cutting blade with a toothed edge used to cut material too hard to slice with a knife.

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categories related to 'saw'

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Random House Word Menu by Stephen Glazier
For a list of words related to saw, see:

  See crossword solutions for the clue Saw.
Saw
Crosscut saw.JPG
A crosscut hand saw about 620 mm (24 inches) long
Classification Cutting
Types Hand saw
Back saw
Bow saw
Circular saw
Reciprocating saw
Bandsaw
Related Milling cutter

A saw is a tool that uses a hard blade, wire, or chain with a toothed edge to cut through softer materials. A saw may be worked by hand, or powered by steam, water, electricity or other power. An abrasive saw uses a powered circular blade for cutting metal.

Contents

Terminology

Diagram showing the teeth of a saw blade when looking front-on. The teeth protrude to the left and right, so that the saw cut (kerf) is wider than the blade width. The term set describes how much the teeth protrude.
  • Heel: The end closest to the handle.
  • Toe: The end farthest from the handle.
  • Front: The side with the teeth (the "bottom edge").
  • Back: Opposite the front ("top edge").
  • Teeth: Small sharp points along the cutting side of the saw.
  • Gullet: Valley between the points of the teeth
  • Fleam: The angle of the faces of the teeth relative to a line perpendicular to the face of the saw.
  • Rake: The angle of the front face of the tooth relative to a line perpendicular to the length of the saw. Teeth designed to cut with the grain (ripping) are generally steeper than teeth designed to cut across the grain (crosscutting)
  • Points per inch (25 mm): The most common measurement of the frequency of teeth on a saw blade. This is measured by setting the tip, or point, of one tooth at the zero point on a ruler, and then counting how many points are contained within one inch (25 mm) of length, counting inclusively. There will always be one more point per inch than there are teeth per inch (e.g., a saw with 14 points per inch will have 13 teeth per inch, a saw with 10 points per inch will have 9 teeth per inch). Some saws do not have the same number of teeth per inch throughout their entire length, but the vast majority do.
  • Teeth Per inch : Another common measurement of the amount of teeth residing in any one inch length of a saw blade. Usually abbreviated as TPI, e.g. a blade consisting of 18TPI (Teeth Per Inch).
  • Kerf: Width of the saw cut. On most saws the kerf is wider than the saw blade because the teeth are flared out sideways (set). This allows the blade to move through the cut easily without getting stuck (binding). However, some saws are made so that the teeth have no set on one side. This is done so that the saw can lie flat on a surface and cut along the surface without scratching it. These are referred to as flush cutting saws. Although the term kerf is often used to refer to the width of the saw blade, it actually means the width of the cut, which is affected by the width of the blade, the amount of wobble created during cutting, and the amount of material pulled out of the sides of the cut. This distinction can be important because the use of a blade that is too thin can result in excessive wobble and a wider kerf.

In a modern serrated saw, each tooth is bent to a precise angle called its set. The set of the teeth is determined by the kind of cut the saw is intended to make. For example, a rip saw has a tooth set that is similar to the angle used on a chisel. The idea is to have the teeth rip or tear the material apart. Some teeth are usually splayed slightly to each side of the blade so that the cut width (kerf) is wider than the blade itself and the blade does not bind in the cut. The kerf of the blade is adjusted with a tool called a saw tooth setter.

An abrasive saw uses an abrasive disc or band for cutting, rather than a serrated blade.

History

Roman sawblades from Vindonissa approx. 3rd to 5th century AD

In ancient Egypt, saws made of copper are documented as early as the Early Dynastic Period, circa 3,000–2,800.[1][page needed] Examples of saws and models of saws have been found in many contexts throughout Egyptian history. Particularly useful are tomb wall illustrations of carpenters at work that show sizes and the use of different types. Egyptian saws were set with the teeth projecting only on one side, rather than in the modern fashion with the more advantageous alternating set.

According to Chinese tradition, the saw was invented by Lu Ban.[2] In Greek mythology, as recounted by Ovid,[3] Talos, the nephew of Daedalus, invented the saw. In archeological reality, saws date back to prehistory and most probably evolved from Neolithic stone or bone tools. "[T]he identities of the ax, adz, chisel, and saw were clearly established more than 4,000 years ago."[4]

Handmade manufacture

Until at least the mid-19th century, saws were made laboriously by hand. The teeth were filed out individually, then "set" by striking alternate teeth with a hammer against a "stake" or small anvil. Due to risk of breaking teeth, beginners were given saw set pliers which set even more slowly.[5]

Saw pits

In early English North America, the pit saw was one of the principal industrial tools. It was a two-man saw, generally operated over a pit across which the logs to be cut into boards were mounted. The saw was "a strong steel cutting-plate, of great breadth, with large teeth, highly polished and thoroughly wrought, some eight or ten feet in length"[6] with a handle on either end. The pit saw took at least two men to operate. The "pitman" stood in the pit— to raise the saw for the backstroke—and the "sawyer", standing above, guided the cut. Pit-saw workers were among the best paid in early colonial North America.

The pit saw is also known as a whipsaw.[7]

Types of saws

Hand saws

Sawing circa 1425

Hand saws use the blade thickness to remain stiff. The pull stroke also reduces the amount of stiffness required. Some examples are:

  • Coping saw for cutting wood patterns
  • Crosscut saw for making cuts perpendicular to the grain
  • Fret saw for cutting intricate wood patterns
  • Hacksaw fine-toothed tempered blade under tension for cutting metal, bone, and other hard materials.
  • Pad saw, keyhole saw, jab saw narrow bladed saw.
  • Plywood saw fine-toothed blade to reduce tearing of plywood
  • Rip saw for cutting along the grain
  • Two-man saw for cutting large logs or trees
  • Veneer saw two edged saw with fine teeth used to cut veneer

Back saws

The second category of hand saws utilize a thinner blade by reinforcing it with a steel or brass back. Back saws are differentiated by the length of the blade. Some examples are:

  • Miter saw used to make accurate crosscuts and miters in a workpiece
  • Tenon saw also called a Dovetail saw or sash saw is used in woodworking for precise work

Mechanically powered saws

Circular blade saws

  • Circular saw, used in industrial sawing of log and beams, typically found in sawmills – also name given to smaller hand-held saws
  • Table saw, circular blade rising through a slot in a table. A smaller direct-drive versions can be set on a workbench is called workbench saw. If set on steel legs it is called a Contractor's Saw. A heavier version, which is more precise and more powerful and driven by multiple belts with an enclosed base stand is called a Cabinet saw. A new version, called a hybrid saw, has the lighter weight mechanism of a Contractor saw but with an enclosed base like the Cabinet saw.
  • Radial arm saw is a versatile machine used mainly for cross-cutting. The blade is pulled on a guide arm through a piece of wood held stationary on the saw's table
  • Rotary saw is used to make accurate cuts without the need for a pilot hole in wallboard, plywood, and other thin materials. It can be called a spiral cut saw or a "RotoZip".
  • Electric miter saw, (also called chop saw, cut-off saw or power miter box) is used for making accurate cross cuts and miter cuts. The basic model has its circular blade fixed at a 90° angle to the vertical, a compound miter saw's blade can be adjusted to other angles. A sliding compound miter saw has a blade which can be pulled through the work similar to the action of a radial arm saw, which gives a greater capacity for cutting wider workpieces.
  • Concrete saw, usually powered by an internal combustion engine and used with a Diamond Blade to cut concrete or asphalt pavement.
  • Abrasive saw, which uses an abrasive disc for cutting rather than a toothed blade. Abrasive saws are used for cutting very hard materials, such as metal.
  • Pendulum saw or Swing saw, the saw is hung on a swinging arm. Often used for rough cross cutting wood in a sawmill. Also for cutting ice out of a frozen river.

Reciprocating blade saws

  • Jigsaw or saber saw (US) has a narrow blade for cutting irregular shapes. The term jigsaw was also commonly used for what is now called a scroll saw.
  • Reciprocating saw or sabre saw (UK and Australia) use an action similar to a jigsaw. They are larger, more powerful and use a longer stroke with the blade parallel to the barrel. It is useful for demolition work or for cutting pipe, and is sometimes powered by compressed air.
  • Scroll saw is a saw for making intricate curved cuts (scrolls).
  • Dragsaw is used for bucking logs before the advent of the chainsaw.
  • Sternal saw is used in surgery to open a patient's sternum.

Continuous band

Types of blades

Blade teeth are of two general types: Tool steel or carbide. Carbide is harder and holds a sharp edge much longer.

Band saw blade
A long band with teeth on one side welded into a circle. Less waste than circular saws due to blade being thinner. More heat disapation because there is more blade to do the cutting. Usually run at a slower speed than circular saw.
Crosscut
In woodworking, a cut made at (or near) a right angle to the direction of the wood grain of the workpiece. A crosscut saw is used to make this type of cut.
Rip cut
In woodworking, a cut made parallel to the direction of the grain of the workpiece. A rip saw is used to make this type of cut.
Plytooth
A circular saw blade with many small teeth designed for cutting plywood with minimal splintering.
Dado blade
A special type of circular saw blade used for making wide grooved cuts in wood so the edge of another piece of wood will fit into the groove to make a joint. Dado blades can make different width grooves by addition or removal of chipper blades of various widths between the outer dado blades. This first type is called a stacked dado blade. There is another type of dado blade capable of cutting variable width grooves. An adjustable dado utilizes a movable locking cam mechanism which causes the blade to wobble sideways more or less. This allows continuously variable groove width from the lower to upper design limits of the dado.
Strob Saw Blade
A circular saw blade with special rakers/cutters to easily saw through green or uncured wood which would otherwise jam the saw blade.

Materials used for saws

There are several materials used in saws, with each of its own specifications.

Brass
Mostly used in back saws because of its low price, its flow characteristics that make the material relatively easy to cast, and unlike other types of saw, the forces that take place in back saws are relatively low because of the pulling motion used.
Steel
Used in almost every existing kind of saw. Because steel is cheap, easy to shape, and very strong, it has the right properties for most kind of saws.
Diamond
Fixed onto the saw blade's base to form diamond saw blades. As diamond is a superhard material, diamond saw blades can be used to cut hard and brittle, or abrasive materials, for example, stone, concrete, asphalt, bricks, ceramics, glass, semiconductor and gem stone. There are many methods to fix the diamonds onto the blades' base and there are various diamond saw blades, which are used in a variety of fields.[8]
High speed steel (HSS)
The whole saw blade is made of High Speed Steel (HSS). HSS saw blades are mainly used to cut steel, copper, aluminum and other metal materials. If high-strength steels (e.g., stainless steel) are to be cut, the blades made of cobalt HSS (e.g. M35, M42) should be used.[8]
Tungsten carbide
Normally, there are two ways to use tungsten carbide to make saw blades:[8]
  1. Carbide tipped saw blades: The saw blade's teeth are tipped (via welding) with small pieces of sharp tungsten carbide block. This type of blade is also called TCT (Tungsten Carbide Tipped) saw blade. Carbide tipped saw blades are widely used to cut wood, plywood, laminated board, plastic, grass, aluminum and some other metals.
  2. Solid carbide saw blades: The whole saw blade is made of tungsten carbide. Comparing with HSS saw blades, solid carbide saw blades have higher hardness under high temperatures, and are more durable, but they also have a lower toughness.

Uses

  • Saws are most commonly used for cutting hard materials. They are used extensively in forestry, construction, demolition, medicine, and hunting.
  • Musical saws are used as instruments to make music.
  • Chainsaw carving is a flourishing modern art form. Special saws have been developed for this purpose.
  • The production of Lumber, lengths of squared wood for use in construction, begins with the felling of trees and the transportation of the logs to a sawmill.

Plainsawing: Lumber for structural uses is typically plainsawn (also called flatsawn), a method of dividing the log that produces the maximum yield of useful pieces and therefore the greatest economy.

Quarter sawing: This sawing method produce edge-grain or vertical gain lumber, in which annual growth rings run more consistently perpendicular to the pieces' wider faces.

See also

References

  1. ^ Walter B. Emery Excavations at Saqqara, The Tomb of Hemaka and Hor-Aha, Cairo, Government Press, Bulâq, 1938 (2 vols)
  2. ^ Lu Ban and The Invention of the Saw History Anecdote at Cultural China website
  3. ^ Ovid Metamorphoses Bk VIII:236-259: The death of Talos A. S. Kline translation, Electronic Text Center at University of Virginia Library
  4. ^ Richard S. Hartenberg, Joseph A. McGeough Neolithic Hand Tools at Encyclopaedia Britannica Online
  5. ^ Tomlinson, C., ed. (1866). Tomlinson's Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts. London: Virtue & Co.  Vol II, page 478.
  6. ^ Charles W. Upham Salem Witchcraft with an account of Salem Village and a History of Opinions on Witchcraft and Kindred Subjects. Frederick Unger, New York, 1978 (Reprint), 2 vols., vol. 1, p 191
  7. ^ Glossary of Tools at (American) Pilgrim Hall Museum website
  8. ^ a b c Types of Saw Blades

External links


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Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - sav
v. tr. - save, save brænde
v. intr. - fægte med armene

2.
n. - mundheld, sentens

Nederlands (Dutch)
zagen, zaag, gezegde, cliché

Français (French)
1.
n. - scie
v. tr. - scier
v. intr. - scier

idioms:

  • saw off    scier (un canon d'un fusil)

2.
n. - adage

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Säge
v. - sägen, sah

idioms:

  • saw off    einen Ast absägen

2.
n. - Sprichwort

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - πριόνι, απόφθεγμα
v. - πριονίζω, κόβω με πριόνι, (μτφ.) κουτσουρεύω

Italiano (Italian)
segare, detto, sega

Português (Portuguese)
n. - serra (f), ditado (m)
v. - serrar

Русский (Russian)
пила, полотно пилы, изречение, афоризм, пословица, распиливать, пиликать

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - sierra, serrucho
v. tr. - serrar, aserrar
v. intr. - serrar, aserrar, cortar, serrarse, aserrarse, tocar el violín

idioms:

  • saw off    llegar un compromiso mediante concesiones mutuas

2.
n. - dicho, refrán, proverbio, máxima

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - såg, ordstäv, talesätt, visdomsord
v. - såga, vifta med armarna

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 锯子, 锯齿状部, 锯条, 锯, 锯成, 锯开, 拉锯般来回移动, 用锯, 拉锯

2. 格言, 谚语

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 鋸子, 鋸齒狀部, 鋸條
v. tr. - 鋸, 鋸成, 鋸開, 拉鋸般來回移動
v. intr. - 用鋸, 拉鋸, 鋸開

2.
n. - 格言, 諺語

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 톱, 톱니 모양의 부분
v. tr. - 톱으로 켜다, (책의 등 부분에) 칼자국을 내다
v. intr. - 톱질하다, 톱으로 켜지다, 현악기를 연주하다

2.
n. - 속담, 격언, 10 달러

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - のこ, 鋸, 鋸歯状部, ことわざ, 格言
v. - 動かす, のこでひく, 木をひく, のこでひける, のこぎりでひく

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) منشار (فعل) ينشر ألخشب‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮מסור, משור‬
v. tr. - ‮ניסר‬
v. intr. - ‮הניע כמסור‬
n. - ‮פתגם, מימרה‬


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