Shabbetai Zevi. He was one of the Jewish false messiahs.

They await the arrival of the Messiah. Christians and Muslims believe that individual to have been Jesus. Jews consider Jesus one of many Messianic Imposters (among others like Bar Kochba, Shabbetai Tzvi, Menachem Mendel Schneerson, etc.).

"The trunk remains when the leaves fall off" (See Isaiah 6:13). There have been a number of such groups throughout history, and this is an ongoing process. Some examples, among others:

1) Tradition states that some of the Israelites did not want to leave Egypt in the Exodus and remained behind.

2) The Ten Tribes.

3) The Hellenizing Jews, 2200 years ago.

4) The Sadducees and the Zealots, 1950 years ago.

5) The Essenes.

6) The followers of Shabbetai Zevi, 350 years ago.

A long list. Among them: the Netinim, the idolaters during the First Temple period, the Hellenizers, the Sadducees, the Baitusim (Boethusians), the Essenes, the apikursim and minim, the Karaites, the followers of Shabbetai Zevi and other false messiahs, Jewish communists (Yevsektsia), Yiddishists, Bundists, assimilationists, and more.

The Samaritans may or may not have ever been halakhically Jewish in the distant past.

Most of these breakaway groups were lost to history, while others (such as the Karaites) are moribund and remain only a shadow of their former selves.