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shuttle diplomacy

 
Dictionary: shuttle diplomacy

n.
Diplomatic negotiations conducted by an official intermediary who travels frequently between the nations involved.

shuttle diplomat shuttle diplomat n.

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US Military Dictionary: shuttle diplomacy
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Negotiations conducted by a mediator who travels between two or more parties that are reluctant to hold direct discussions.

See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.

US Presidents Q&A: What was "Shuttle Diplomacy"?
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Henry Kissinger continued as secretary of state after Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 and Vice President Gerald Ford assumed the presidency. Kissinger had negotiated a fragile military disengagement in the Middle East in 1973, which he helped sustain by shuttling back and forth between nations while preparing formal summit meetings between them. Kissinger also made several trips to the Soviet Union to lay the groundwork for summit meetings between President Ford and Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev. Because Kissinger traveled among nations so frequently for face-to-face meetings, his method was called shuttle diplomacy.

Ford was a shuttling president, making goodwill trips to several countries. He became the first sitting president to visit Japan.

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Mideast & N. Africa Encyclopedia: Shuttle Diplomacy
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Term denoting a diplomatic intermediary shuttling back and forth between countries in an effort to arrange an agreement among contending countries. The term was first raised to the level of public discourse to describe the efforts of American Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to bring about a disengagement of forces after the October 1973 Arab–Israeli war. Kissinger had to shuttle back and forth between the capitals of Egypt, Syria, and Israel, carrying his proposals, because the parties could not agree to meet together.

Wikipedia: Shuttle diplomacy
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In diplomacy and international relations, shuttle diplomacy is the action of an outside party in serving as an intermediary between (or among) principals in a dispute, without direct principal-to-principal contact. Originally and usually, the process entails successive travel ("shuttling") by the intermediary, from the working location of one principal, to that of another.

The term was first applied to instance by United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to describe his efforts, beginning November 5, 1973,[1] which facilitated the cessation of hostilities following the Yom Kippur War.

Shuttle diplomacy is often used when the one or both of two principals refuses recognition of the other prior to mutually desired negotiation.

Examples

Kissinger continued to participate in shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East during the Nixon and Ford administrations; it resulted in the Sinai Interim Agreement and arrangements between Israel and Syria on the Golan Heights. The term became widespread during Kissinger's service as Secretary of State.

In a major outbreak of Israel-Hezbollah fighting in 1996, U.S. Secretary of State Warren Christopher conducted shuttle diplomacy, traveling to, among other places, Syria. Having persuaded the Syrians to rein in Hezbollah, Christopher achieved a cease-fire.[citation needed]

In 2008 shuttle diplomacy was performed by Matthew Nimetz between Greece and the Republic of Macedonia to resolve the Macedonian naming dispute.[citation needed]

Turkey has carried out shuttle diplomacy, often involving Israel: Turkey is its closest ally in the Muslim world, and some Arab countries (notably Syria, which has common borders with Turkey, and with Israel) have been amenable to Turkey, with its own Muslim majority populataion, taking that role.[2] Another instance was between Russia and Georgia in 2008.[3]

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
US Military Dictionary. The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. Copyright © 2001, 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
US Presidents Q&A. The Handy Presidents Answer Book. 2004 ©Visible Ink Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Mideast & N. Africa Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa. Copyright © 2004 by The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Shuttle diplomacy" Read more