Sikhism was established by Guru Nanak and nine other Sikh Gurus over the period of 1469 to 1708. Most of the Gurus were born in Northern India, although they traveled extensively from as far west as Iraq to Assam in the east and Sri Lanka in the south. Guru Nanak, the first Guru was born in modern day Pakistan, and Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru was born in Patna, Bihar in modern day India. Before his death, Guru Gobind Singh nominated the Sikh holy scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib as the final and eternal Guru of Sikhism. All Sikhs are required to follow the teachings of the Gurus, which upon meditation leads to salvation. The Gurus are considered as a path to reach union with God.
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Guruship
The followers of Sikhism hold the number of Gurus to be Ten, beginning from Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and continuing till Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The successor to the ten Gurus of Sikhism is Guru Granth Sahib, who is the eternal Guru of Sikhs. The Sikhs revere Guru Granth Sahib in the same manner in which they revere their Ten Gurus.
The Sikhs do not bow or pay homage to any mortal, and consider Guru Granth Sahib as reflection of their Ten Gurus. The teachings and words of the Sikh Gurus are recorded in Guru Granth Sahib, which are without any alteration and appear as they were uttered.
All of the Sikh Gurus belong to Khatri clan, seven of them were sodhi and bhala, trehan.
The Sikh Gurus are as follows:
| # | Name | Date of birth | Guruship on | Date of ascension | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nanak Dev | 15 April 1469 | 20 August 1507 | 22 September 1539 | 69 |
| 2 | Angad Dev | 31 March 1504 | 7 September 1539 | 29 March 1552 | 48 |
| 3 | Amar Das | 5 May 1479 | 26 March 1552 | 1 September 1574 | 95 |
| 4 | Ram Das | 24 September 1534 | 1 September 1574 | 1 September 1581 | 46 |
| 5 | Arjan Dev | 15 April 1563 | 1 September 1581 | 30 May 1606 | 43 |
| 6 | Har Gobind | 19 June 1595 | 25 May 1606 | 28 February 1644 | 48 |
| 7 | Har Rai | 16 January 1630 | 3 March 1644 | 6 October 1661 | 31 |
| 8 | Har Krishan | 7 July 1656 | 6 October 1661 | 30 March 1664 | 7 |
| 9 | Tegh Bahadur | 1 April 1621 | 20 March 1665 | 11 November 1675 | 54 |
| 10 | Gobind Singh | 22 December 1666 | 11 November 1675 | 7 October 1708 | 41 |
| 11 | Guru Granth Sahib | n/a | 7 October 1708 | n/a | n/a |
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