Hegemony is when a social group claims a dominating position in a social hierarchy. In this case, patriarchal hegemony is the dominant social position of the men and the subordinate position of women.

The change in one's position in a social hierarchy refers to social mobility. This can occur either upward or downward, impacting an individual's social status and opportunities.

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One indicator of social position is one's occupation or job title, as it often reflects one's level of education, income, and societal status. Another indicator is one's level of education, as higher levels of education are often associated with higher social positions. Additionally, one's network of relationships and social connections can also be indicative of their social position.