There are specifically 7 very unique modes of transportation around Asia.
1 - Tuktuk (Thailand)
2 - Jeepney (Philippines)
3 - AutoRickshaw (India)
4 - Songthaew (Laos)
5 - Motorela (Philippines)
6 - Songthaew (Thailand)
7 - Human-powered rickshaws (Kyoto, Japan)
Otherwise, there is the standard bus and coach bus passes, and rail passes. You can also find local city tours to give you details as you travel. For further distances, you may want to look into flights.