
sound off
[Middle English soun, from Old French son, from Latin sonus.]

[Middle English, from Old English gesund.]
soundly sound'ly adv.'Okay', he said...'Sound,' said Jimmy Sr.—Roddy Doyle, 1991
We were rescued by two sound geezers who only drove us 20 miles, but they saved our lives—Sunday Express, 1996.According to the recently added information in the Old English (up to 1150)D, it originated among Irish Liverpudlians who used the expression sound as a pound from the 1980s.
| soufflé, soprano, soon | |
| soundbite, southward, southwards, spadeful |
For more information on sound, visit Britannica.com.
noun
verb
adjective
verb
Definition: accepted, established
Antonyms: distrusted, flimsy, refused, rejected, unsound
adj
Definition: complete, healthy
Antonyms: incomplete, infirm, unfit, unhealthy, unreliable, unsound
adj
Definition: logical, reasonable
Antonyms: illogical, unbelievable, unfathomable, unreasonable, unreliable, unsound
n
Definition: something heard or audible
Antonyms: silence
v
Definition: produce noise
Antonyms: quiet
v. 1. ascertain (the depth of water), typically by means of a line or pole or using sound echoes.
2. find the depth of water in (a ship's hold).
See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.
An oscillation in pressure of the atmosphere which is capable of being detected by the human ear.
The immediate object of auditory perception, although the way we hear sounds is affected by such factors as their context or our own musical experience and understanding. Sounds share the problems of secondary qualities: does a tree falling alone in the forest make any sound? See primary/secondary qualities.
Generation of Sound Waves
Sound waves are generated by any vibrating body. For example, when a violin string vibrates upon being bowed or plucked, its movement in one direction pushes the molecules of the air before it, crowding them together in its path. When it moves back again past its original position and on to the other side, it leaves behind it a nearly empty space, i.e., a space with relatively few molecules in it. In the meantime, however, the molecules which were at first crowded together have transmitted some of their energy of motion to other molecules still farther on and are returning to fill again the space originally occupied and now left empty by the retreating violin string. In other words, the vibratory motion set up by the violin string causes alternately in a given space a crowding together of the molecules of air (a condensation) and a thinning out of the molecules (a rarefaction). Taken together a condensation and a rarefaction make up a sound wave; such a wave is called longitudinal, or compressional, because the vibratory motion is forward and backward along the direction that the wave is following. Because such a wave travels by disturbing the particles of a material medium, sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum.
Characteristics of Sound Waves
Sounds are generally audible to the human ear if their frequency (number of vibrations per second) lies between 20 and 20,000 vibrations per second, but the range varies considerably with the individual. Sound waves with frequencies less than those of audible waves are called subsonic; those with frequencies above the audible range are called ultrasonic (see ultrasonics).
A sound wave is usually represented graphically by a wavy, horizontal line; the upper part of the wave (the crest) indicates a condensation and the lower part (the trough) indicates a rarefaction. This graph, however, is merely a representation and is not an actual picture of a wave. The length of a sound wave, or the wavelength, is measured as the distance from one point of greatest condensation to the next following it or from any point on one wave to the corresponding point on the next in a train of waves. The wavelength depends upon the velocity of sound in a given medium at a given temperature and upon the frequency of vibration. The wavelength of a sound can be determined by dividing the numerical value for the velocity of sound in the given medium at the given temperature by the frequency of vibration. For example, if the velocity of sound in air is 1,130 ft per second and the frequency of vibration is 256, then the wave length is approximately 4.4 ft.
The velocity of sound is not constant, however, for it varies in different media and in the same medium at different temperatures. For example, in air at 0°C. it is approximately 1,089 ft per second, but at 20°C. it is increased to about 1,130 ft per second, or an increase of about 2 ft per second for every centigrade degree rise in temperature. Sound travels more slowly in gases than in liquids, and more slowly in liquids than in solids. Since the ability to conduct sound is dependent on the density of the medium, solids are better conductors than liquids, liquids are better conductors than gases.
Sound waves can be reflected, refracted (or bent), and absorbed as light waves can be. The reflection of sound waves can result in an echo-an important factor in the acoustics of theaters and auditoriums. A sound wave can be reinforced with waves from a body having the same frequency of vibration, but the combination of waves of different frequencies of vibration may produce "beats" or pulsations or may result in other forms of interference.
Characteristics of Musical Sounds
Musical sounds are distinguished from noises in that they are composed of regular, uniform vibrations, while noises are irregular and disordered vibrations. Composers, however, frequently use noises as well as musical sounds. One musical tone is distinguished from another on the basis of pitch, intensity, or loudness, and quality, or timbre. Pitch describes how high or low a tone is and depends upon the rapidity with which a sounding body vibrates, i.e., upon the frequency of vibration. The higher the frequency of vibration, the higher the tone; the pitch of a siren gets higher and higher as the frequency of vibration increases. The apparent change in the pitch of a sound as a source approaches or moves away from an observer is described by the Doppler effect. The intensity or loudness of a sound depends upon the extent to which the sounding body vibrates, i.e., the amplitude of vibration. A sound is louder as the amplitude of vibration is greater, and the intensity decreases as the distance from the source increases. Loudness is measured in units called decibels. The sound waves given off by different vibrating bodies differ in quality, or timbre. A note from a saxophone, for instance, differs from a note of the same pitch and intensity produced by a violin or a xylophone; similarly vibrating reeds, columns of air, and strings all differ. Quality is dependent on the number and relative intensity of overtones produced by the vibrating body (see harmonic), and these in turn depend upon the nature of the vibrating body.
Bibliography
See G. Chedd, Sound (1970).
Instruments sound sweetest when they are touched softest.
— John Lyly (1554-1606).
LearnThatWord.com is a free vocabulary and spelling program where you only pay for results!
Having the capacity to perform the function for which the animal is about to be purchased or about to be accepted as an entrant in a contest. The expression is usually used with reference to horses. See also breeding soundness.

Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - lyd, sund, sonde, svømmeblære
v. intr. - lyde
v. tr. - lade lyde, udtale, forkynde
idioms:
2.
adj. - sund, rask, ubeskadiget
adv. - trygt
idioms:
3.
v. tr. - lodde, pejle
v. intr. - foretage lodninger
n. - sonde
4.
n. - sund
Nederlands (Dutch)
geluid, klank, baai, gezond, stevig, diep, verantwoord, deugdelijk, steekhoudend, klinken, schallen, galmen, luiden, rinkelen, peilen
Français (French)
1.
n. - (Phys) son, (TV, Radio, Vidéo) son, bruit, volume/son, (Mus) style, impression
v. intr. - sembler, paraître, faire/paraître, avoir l'air, sonner, hurler, (Zool) plonger en profondeur
v. tr. - faire retentir, (Mus, Mil) sonner, (Ling) prononcer, (Méd) ausculter, sonder, (Rail) sonder, (Naut) sonder, donner l'alarme
idioms:
2.
adj. - solide, sain, bon, avisé, crédible, (Fin, Comm) sûr (un investissement), bonne (raclée), sensé, de bon ton, (TV, Radio) du son
adv. - sûrement, solidement, sainement, de manière sensée
idioms:
3.
v. tr. - mesurer/sonder la profondeur de (l'eau)
v. intr. - mesurer/sonder la profondeur de (l'eau)
n. - (Méd) sonde
4.
n. - (Géog) détroit
Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Geräusch, Klang, Laut, Schall, Ton, Sund
v. - klingen, ertönen
idioms:
2.
adj. - gesund, vernünftig, solide, gehörig
adv. - tief
idioms:
3.
v. - sondieren, erforschen
n. - Sund
4.
n. - Meerenge
Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - ήχος, θόρυβος, απόσταση ακοής, (γεωγρ.) πορθμός, (ιχθυολ.) νηκτικός ασκός
v. - παράγω ήχο, ηχώ, ακούγομαι, (για κουδούνι κ.λπ.) σημαίνω, εκστομίζω, προφέρω, βυθομετρώ, βολιδοσκοπώ, σφυγμομετρώ, (ιατρ.) ακροώμαι, στηθοσκοπώ
adj. - γερός, ανθεκτικός, βάσιμος, εύλογος, ορθός, σωστός, ακλόνητος, βαθύς, αδιατάρακτος, ενδεδειγμένος, βιώσιμος, αψεγάδιαστος, συντηρητικός, ορθόδοξος
adv. - (που κοιμάται) βαριά
idioms:
Italiano (Italian)
suonare, sondare, fortemente, suono, baia, sano, forte, ben ponderato, consistente, solido, fondato
idioms:
Português (Portuguese)
n. - som (m), tom (m), ruído (m)
v. - ressoar, bater, rufar
adj. - saudável, sadio (m), forte, integro (m)
adv. - profundamente
idioms:
Русский (Russian)
звук, шум, предел слышимости, звукозапись, зонд, звучать, извлекать звук, давать сигнал (звуковой), зондирование, создавать впечатление, произносить, зондировать, разузнавать, здоровый, доброкачественный, исправный, разумный, правильный, платежеспособный, законный
idioms:
Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - sonido, ruido
v. intr. - sonar, tocar, hacer sonar, hacer ruido, resonar
v. tr. - sonar, tocar, tañer, pulsar
idioms:
2.
adj. - sano, fuerte, sólido, bueno, seguro, resistente
adv. - gravemente, profundamente, sanamente, cuerdamente, sensatamente, sólidamente, firmemente, seguramente, vigorosamente
idioms:
3.
v. tr. - sondar, sondear
v. intr. - esparcirse, divulgarse, echar la sonda, sumergirse
n. - sonda, algalia
4.
n. - estrecho, brazo de mar
Svenska (Swedish)
n. - ljud, ton, klang, sund
v. - ljuda, låta, blåsa, beordra, förkunna, sondera, pejla
adj. - frisk, fullgod, välgrundad
adv. - djupt, grundligt, med klokhet
中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 声音, 响声, 喧闹声, 声, 音调, 发声, 响起, 听起来, 听上去, 发音, 被弄响, 被吹奏, 使发声, 使响起, 发...音, 通知, 敲击检查
idioms:
2. 健全的, 合理的, 可靠的, 彻底地, 充分地
3. 海峡, 海口, 海湾, 河口
4. 测...的水深, 试探, 探听, 测水深, 探测, 调查, 探针
中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 聲音, 響聲, 喧鬧聲, 聲, 音調
v. intr. - 發聲, 響起, 聽起來, 聽上去, 發音, 被弄響, 被吹奏
v. tr. - 使發聲, 使響起, 發...音, 通知, 敲擊檢查
idioms:
2.
n. - 海峽, 海口, 海灣, 河口
3.
adj. - 健全的, 合理的, 可靠的
adv. - 徹底地, 充分地
4.
v. tr. - 測...的水深, 試探, 探聽
v. intr. - 測水深, 探測, 調查
n. - 探針
한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 소리, (말 따위의) 인상, 들리는 범위
v. intr. - 소리가 들리다, ~에 관계하고 있다, 전해지다
v. tr. - 소리를 내다, (소리로) 알리다, (벽, 레일 등을) 두드려 조사하다
idioms:
2.
adj. - 건강한, 안정된, 견고하고 튼튼한
adv. - 충분히, 잘
idioms:
3.
v. tr. - (물 깊이를) 재다, 탐침을 넣어 진찰하다, ~의 속을 떠보다
v. intr. - 수심을 재다, (측연 등이) 바닥에 닿다, 가능성을 타진하다
n. - (외과용) 소식자, 탐침
4.
n. - 좁은 해협, 후미, (물고기의) 부레
日本語 (Japanese)
v. - 鳴る, 響く, 聞こえる, 発音する, 知らせる, たたいて調べる, 打診する, 水深を測る, 意向を探る
adj. - 健全な, 傷んでいない, 理にかなった, 堅実な, 十分な, 思う存分の
n. - 音, 音響, 騒音, ざわめき, 感じ, 調子, 海峡, 入り江
adv. - ぐっすりと
idioms:
العربيه (Arabic)
(الاسم) ألمثانه ألهوائيه, مضيق, مغزى, ضجه, صوت (فعل) يتردد, يصوت, يغوص " ألحوت أو ألسمكه " فجأة, يلفظ, يذيع (صفه) معتمد, تام, شرعي, ثابت, صحيح, سليم (ظرف) على نحو عميق, على نحو ثابت
עברית (Hebrew)
n. - קול, צליל, נימה, הגה, אות
v. intr. - נשמע, יצר רושם, האזין
v. tr. - יצר רושם, צלצל, השמיע, תקע, בדק, ביטא, פרסם
adj. - בריא, שלם, חסון, חזק, הגיוני, שפוי, שקול, מבוסס, יעיל
adv. - באופן הגיוני, באופן שקול, באופן מבוסס, באופן מוצק
v. tr. - מדד עומק (המים), ערך בדיקות לחולה, בדק
v. intr. - מדד עומק (המים), בדק (ע"י כדור פורח), צלל (דג)
n. - מחדר - מכשיר-בדיקה ניתוחי, בד"כ עם קצה עקום וקהה
n. - מיצר, מיצר-ים
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