stampede
American Heritage Dictionary:
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stam·pede
(stăm-pēd') 
n.
v., -ped·ed, -ped·ing, -pedes. v.tr.
n.
- A sudden frenzied rush of panic-stricken animals.
- A sudden headlong rush or flight of a crowd of people.
- A mass impulsive action: a stampede of support for the candidate.
v., -ped·ed, -ped·ing, -pedes. v.tr.
- To cause (a herd of animals) to flee in panic.
- To cause (a crowd of people) to act on mass impulse.
- To flee in a headlong rush.
- To act on mass impulse.
[Spanish estampida, uproar, stampede, from Provençal, from estampir, to stamp, of Germanic origin.]
stampeder stam·ped'er n.WORD HISTORY The Spanish word estampida, meaning "explosion, bang, crash, uproar," seems a vivid term to describe a sudden rush of animals, such as buffaloes or cattle, and was first so used in American Spanish. From this use came our word stampede (actually from the Spanish estampido, a masculine noun corresponding to the feminine estampida, first recorded in 1828). Thus stampede, now a general English word, is an Americanism, a word or expression that originated in the United States. The United States was later to see stampedes of miners rushing westward to find gold. Not surprisingly, an early instance of the application of this word to humans is found in the San Francisco Herald in 1851.
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stampede
Gale Encyclopedia of US History:
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Stampedes
Stampedes were the most dramatic, hazardous, and disastrous events of roundups and cattle drives. Oxen, horses, and buffalo all might stampede, but the frantic flight that the rancheros called estampida was especially characteristic of longhorns. A great herd peacefully bedded down might, with the instantaneity of forked lightning, be on its feet, and then with hoofs, hocks, and horns knocking together, the ground shaking from the impact, thunder away in headlong flight. The only way to check them was to circle the leaders and thus swing the mass into a "mill." Causes of stampedes were many: the whir of a rattlesnake near the head of some snoring steer, the flirt of a polecat's tail, the jump of a rabbit, the smell of a lobo, the flash of a match by some careless cowboy lighting a cigarette, or any unexpected sound such as the shaking of an empty saddle by a horse. Cowboy songs were not so much to soothe cattle as to afford a barrier against surprises. Nonetheless, the best preventives were bellies full of grass and water.
Western artists like Frederic Remington, Charles M. Russell, and Frank Reaugh have pictured the stampede. Popular ballads like "Lasca" and "When Work's All Done This Fall" have dramatized it. One of the most powerful stories ever written on any western subject, Longrope's Last Guard by Russell, translates it fully. Yet, human fatalities from stampedes were rare. The worst results of the stampedes were to the cattle themselves: animals trampled to death, horns and legs broken, and more "tallow run off" in a night than could be restored by a month of grazing.
Bibliography
Clayton, Lawrence. Vaqueros, Cowboys, and Buckaroos. Austin: University of Texas Press.2001.
Dary, David. Cowboy Culture: A Saga of Five Centuries. New York: Knopf.1981.
Rifkin, Jeremy. Beyond Beef: The Rise and Fall of the Cattle Culture. New York: Dutton.1992.
Worcester, Donald Emmet. The Chisholm Trail: High Road of the Cattle Kingdom. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1980.
Word Tutor:
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stampede
IN BRIEF: A sudden flight of herd of animals or a crowd of people.
The herd may graze where it pleases or stampede where it pleases, but he who lives the adventurous life will remain unafraid when he finds himself alone.
— Raymond B. Fosdick (1878-1979)
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categories related to 'stampede'
- Mood and Intent - stampede: flee headlong in panic as a group
See crossword solutions for the clue Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Stampede
For other uses, see Stampede (disambiguation).
A stampede is an act of mass impulse among herd animals or a crowd of people in which the herd (or crowd) collectively begins running with no clear direction or purpose.
Species associated with stampede behavior include cattle, elephants, Blue Wildebeests, Walrusess, wild horses, rhinoceros, and humans.
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Contents
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Cattle stampedes
Anything unusual may start a stampede. Especially at night, things such as lighting a match, someone jumping off a horse, a horse shaking itself, a lightning strike, a tumbleweed blown into the herd, or "a horse running through a herd kicking at a saddle which has turned under its belly" have been known to cause a stampede.[1] Cattle that have just fed and which are more spread out are less likely to stampede.[1]
Although it can't be known for certain, there is great evidence that Garrett Redmond was the first American to witness a stampede of bison near his North Carolina home.
A large stampede will frequently eliminate anything in its path. With farmed animals, cowboys attempt to turn the moving herd into itself, so that it runs in circles rather than self-destructing by running over a cliff or into a river, or from damaging human life or property by overrunning human settlements. Tactics used to make the herd turn into itself include firing a pistol (i.e. using the noise) to make the leaders of the stampede turn.[1]
Cowboys will sometimes sing or whistle at night to reassure the herd. Those on watch at night will often be careful not to do things which may startle the herd, but to ride a distance away first (e.g. before dismounting a horse or lighting a match) so as not to cause a stampede.[2]
Sometimes, people purposefully induce cattle to stampede as a component of hunting, such as some Native Americans did to cause American bison to kill themselves at a buffalo jump.
Human stampedes
Human stampedes most often occur during religious pilgrimages and professional sporting and music events, as these events tend to involve a large number of people. They also often occur in times of mass panic (e.g. as a result of a fire or explosion) as people try to get away.
Causes
Deaths from human stampedes occur primarily from compressive asphyxiation, not trampling.[3] This is referred to as crowd crush.[4] The compressive force occurs from both horizontal pushing and vertical stacking.
Examples
The annual Muslim Hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, which is attended by millions of pilgrims, has increasingly suffered from stampedes, even as authorities have constructed new walkways and instituted other traffic controls to prevent them.
In India, stampedes occur regularly during Hindu religious holidays. Called "temple crushes" by the local press, they are often caused by railings giving way as pilgrims climb steep hills to reach a temple.[5]
The worst stampede in recorded history took place in Chongqing, China, during World War II. Japanese bombing of the city on June 6, 1941, triggered mass panic at an air raid shelter, killing approximately 4,000 people, most of them by suffocation.
In 1908, a stampede caused the death of 16 children at public hall in Barnsley, South Yorkshire. It became known as the Barnsley Public Hall Disaster.
A popularly quoted cause of stampedes is "Shouting fire in a crowded theater", which has occurred in such instances as the Italian Hall disaster.
Prevention
It has been claimed that most major crowd disasters can be prevented by simple crowd management strategies.[3] Human stampedes can be prevented by organization and traffic control, such as barriers. On the other hand, barriers in some cases may funnel the crowd towards an already-packed area (e.g. Hillsborough disaster). Therefore, barriers could be a solution to prevent or the key factor to cause a stampede to happen. A key problem is lack of feedback from people being crushed to the crowd pressing behind – feedback can instead be provided by police, organizers, or other observers, particularly raised observers, such as on platforms or horseback, who can survey the crowd, and use loudspeakers to communicate and direct a crowd.[4]
At the individual level, warning signs of a crowd crush include density of more than four people per square meter, at which each person is being touched on four sides. To avoid or escape from a crowd crush, one is advised to move sideways, particularly between swells.[4]
After the stampede of Victoria Hall disaster in 1883 a law (still in force as of 2008) was passed in England which required all public entertainment venues to be equipped with doors that open outwards.[6] Crash bars are required by various building codes.
List of notable human stampedes
 |
The inclusion or exclusion of items from this list, or length of this list, is disputed. Please discuss this issue on the talk page. May 2012 |
18th century
- 11 October 1711: 245 people were killed in a stampede on the bridge of the Guillotière in Lyon. This was caused by the coach of Madame Servient being in the middle of the bridge while many people came back from a fest on the other side of the Rhône.
19th century
- 10 October 1872: 19 women and children were killed in a stampede and resulting stairs collapse in a synagogue in Ostrów Wielkopolski during the fast of Yom Kippur. Failure of gas lighting engulfed a synagogue balcony (apparently, the women's gallery) in darkness, causing panic among the women.
- December 5, 1876: Crushes on gallery and balcony staircases during the Brooklyn Theater Fire delayed the evacuation of the building, a contributing factor in the deaths of at least 278 individuals.[7]
- May 30, 1883: 12 people were killed and dozens injured after a woman tripped on the stairway at the Brooklyn Bridge, which had been open for eight days at the time. The crush was exacerbated by fears the bridge was about to collapse. [8]
- June 16, 1883: Over 180 out of 1,100 children died in the Victoria Hall disaster in Sunderland, England when they stampeded down the stairs to collect gifts from the entertainers after the end of a variety show.
- May 18, 1896: 1,389 people were killed and 1,300 injured in the Khodynka Tragedy, a crush of those desiring to get presents during the coronation of Russian Tsar Nicholas II.
20th century
- December 30, 1903: The Iroquois Theatre Fire in Chicago claimed the lives of 602 people, many of whom died of crush asphyxiation in the rush to escape.
- January 11, 1908: 16 children were killed in the Barnsley Public Hall Disaster in Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England
- December 24, 1913: 73 people were crushed to death in the Italian Hall Disaster in Calumet, Michigan. This event is considered the legal source for the often-cited (and now overturned) First Amendment limitation of "falsely shouting fire in a crowded theater."
- October 23, 1942: during an attack by Bomber Command on Genoa, 354 people were killed as they rushed into Galleria delle Grazie, a railway tunnel in use as an air-raid shelter. People rushing down the 150 steps which led under the ground and into the shelter fell on top of one another leading to the extremely heavy toll of the stampede[9].
- March 3, 1943: Bethnal Green 173 people were killed as people tried to get into an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green underground station, east London. Anti-aircraft fire reportedly frightened the crowd, causing them to run for the shelter. When a woman carrying a baby tripped on the stairs, others fell over her, triggering the crush.[10]
- March 9, 1946: 33 people were killed in the Burnden Park disaster when the collapse of two crash barriers in an overcrowded stand led to the crowd falling forward.
- January 1, 1956: 124 people were killed during the New Year panic and stampede at Yahiko Shrine, Yahiko, central Niigata, Japan.
- January 2, 1971: 66 people were killed in the Second Ibrox Disaster, when the collapse of stairway barriers led to a crush as fans were leaving the stadium.
- December 3, 1979: 11 people were killed during a crush at a concert by The Who at Riverfront Coliseum in Cincinnati. The incident led to a reduced use of festival seating at US venues.
- October 20, 1982: 66 people were killed in the Luzhniki disaster at the eponymous stadium in Moscow.[11]
- May 29, 1985: 39 people were killed in the Heysel Stadium disaster at Heysel Stadium in Brussels, Belgium.
- March 13, 1988: 93 people were killed when fans at Nepal's national football stadium stampede for the exits during a hailstorm.
- August 20, 1988: 2 people were crushed to death during a Guns N' Roses concert at a Monsters of Rock festival at Donington Park, England. Lead singer Axl Rose shouted Don't fucking kill each other!.
- April 15, 1989: 96 people were killed in the Hillsborough disaster at the eponymous football stadium in Sheffield, England.
- July 2, 1990: A stampede inside a pedestrian tunnel (Al-Ma'aisim tunnel) leading out from Mecca towards Mina, Saudi Arabia and the Plains of Arafat led to the deaths of 1,426 pilgrims.
- January 13, 1991: At least 40 people were killed at a football match in Orkney, South Africa.
- February 13, 1991: 42 people were killed, 55 injured in Mexican Chalma sanctuary after being overwhelmed by a crowd trying to enter the temple to receive the signal from the ashes.
- June 27, 1992: More than 500 people were injured in Munich, Germany when the crowd at pop singer Michael Jackson's debut Dangerous concert became overwhelmed and began rushing at the barriers causing several to have to be lifted from the crowd. Similar fainting and "over-whelmings" occurred at many of Jackson's shows.
- January 1, 1993: 21 people were killed and 48 injured as a huge crowd celebrated the New Year's Day at Lan Kwai Fong of Hong Kong.
- October 30, 1993: 73 student fans were injured, six critically, by a crowd crush shortly after a football game at the University of Wisconsin–Madison's Camp Randall Stadium.
- May 23, 1994: 270 people were killed at Jamarat Bridge in Mecca during the stoning of the Devil.
- November 23, 1994: more than 113 tribals mostly women and children perished in a disastrous stampede triggered by the cane wielding police who attempted to prevent the estimated crowd of 40,000 from pressing towards the Vidhan Bhavan at Nagpur in Maharashtra State of India.
- October 16, 1996: 82 killed, 147 injured on a steep stadium stairway prior to a World Cup qualifying match between Guatemala and Costa Rica in the Estadio Mateo Flores in Guatemala City.
- April 9, 1998: At least 118 Hajj pilgrims were trampled to death and 180 injured in an incident on Jamarat Bridge in Mecca.[12]
- May 30, 1999: Niamiha disaster: 53 people died in a stampede at the Nemiga metro station in Minsk, Belarus.
- June 30, 2000: The Roskilde Festival disaster, in which 9 people were crushed during a Pearl Jam concert at Roskilde Festival, Denmark.
21st century
- March 5, 2001: Thirty five Hajj pilgrims were trampled to death in a stampede during the Stoning of the Devil ritual in Mina, Saudi Arabia.[13]
- April 11, 2001: 43 people were crushed in the Ellis Park Stadium disaster in Johannesburg, South Africa.
- May 2001: 126 killed at a football match in Accra, Ghana after police fired tear gas at rioters.
- 21 July 2001: 11 people killed and 247 injured by a pedestrian stampede after a fireworks show in Akashi, Hyōgo.[14]
- December 21, 2001: 7 children, 10 to 14 years of age, were crushed to death due to a stampede on the stairway, leading to the entrance of a nightclub in Sofia, Bulgaria.[15]
- February 11, 2003: The Stoning of the Devil ritual claimed 14 pilgrims' lives.[16]
- February 17, 2003: 21 people were killed in the stairway exit to E2, a nightclub in Chicago, after a pepper spray use on an upper-story dance floor.
- February 20, 2003: 100 killed in The Station nightclub fire, many of them trampled.
- February 4, 2004: At least 37 people were dead with 15 were injured, when a crowd stampede, during Lantern Festival in Mihong Park, Miyun County, Beijing, China.[17]
- February 1, 2004: 251 people were killed at Jamarat Bridge in Mecca during the stoning of the devil.
- September 1, 2004: Three die in Saudi shop stampede.[18]
- January 2005: 265 people were killed as Hindu pilgrims stampede near a remote temple in Maharashtra, India.
- August 31, 2005: 1000 people were killed in a Baghdad bridge stampede
- December 2005: 42 people were killed as flood relief supplies were handed out to homeless refugees in southern India.
- January 12, 2006: 345 killed at Jamarat Bridge in Mecca during the stoning of the devil.
- February 4, 2006: 78 people were killed in the PhilSports Arena stampede in the Philippines. The place was the location of the first year anniversary of ABS-CBN's Wowowee.
- September 12, 2006: 51 killed and more than 200 injured at a stampede in Ibb Governorate, Yemen.[19]
- June 2, 2007: 12 people were killed during a stampede at the end of a football game between Zambia and Republic of Congo in Chililabombwe, Zambia.[20]
- October 3, 2007: At least 14 women were crushed to death at a train station in northern India.[21]
- October 5, 2007: After a crowd of 15,000 watched a public execution in a stadium in Sunch’ŏn, North Korea, 6 people were crushed to death and 34 injured.[22]
- November 11, 2007: 3 people were killed and more than 30 injured at the Supermarket Carrefour in Chongqing, China when the shop was offering 20% discounts on cooking oil.[23]
- March 27, 2008: 8 people were killed and 10 injured at an Indian temple crush during a pilgrimage.[24]
- June 20, 2008: At least 12 people were killed and 13 injured at a Mexico City nightclub stampede during a police raid.[25]
- August 3, 2008: At least 162 people were killed and 47 injured in a stampede at the Naina Devi temple in Himachal Pradesh in mountainous northern India after a rain shelter collapsed, which worshipers mistakenly took to be a landslide.
- September 14, 2008: At least 11 people were killed when a riot was dispersed by tear gas during a football match in Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- September 30, 2008: 147 people were killed during the Chamunda Devi stampede at the Chamunda Devi temple in Jodhpur, India. The tragedy may have been triggered by a rumor that a bomb was planted in the temple complex.[26] Local authorities, however, blamed steep, slippery slopes leading to the temple.[5][27]
- October 2, 2008: About 20 children died in a stampede in an overcrowded children's dance hall in Tanzania.[28]
- March 29, 2009: The Houphouët-Boigny Arena stampede. 19 people killed and 130 injured in a stampede at a football stadium in Ivory Coast as fans try to squeeze into the stadium for a World Cup qualifier.[29]
- March 4, 2010: At least 71 killed and over 200 injured at Ram Janki Temple, in Kunda, India, in a stampede after the gates of the temple collapsed.
- May 4, 2010: 63 people were injured when a panic-driven stampede broke out during the Remembrance of the Dead ceremony on Dam Square, Amsterdam.
- June 6, 2010: 14 people were injured when fans rushed to get inside Makulong Stadium after free tickets were given out to a friendly soccer match between Nigeria and North Korea.
- July 24, 2010: The Love Parade disaster, in which 21 people were killed and more than 500 were injured during a mass panic at the Love Parade in Duisburg, Germany.[30]
- November 22, 2010: A stampede during a water festival near Cambodia's royal palace in Phnom Penh killed at least 347 people.
- January 15, 2011: 102 people died and 100 were injured during a stampede near Sabarimala temple in Kerala State of Southern India.
- January 15, 2011: 3 girls died, 14 people injured in a panic-driven stampede in a Budapest discotheque during a party.[31]
- November 8, 2011 - 16 people were killed at Haridwar, India during a religious ceremony in the banks of Ganges river.
Stampedes in popular culture
- a Wildebeest stampede was used in the 1994 Disney animated film The Lion King and in its stage musical.
- In the 1995 film Jumanji, there was a stampede of rhinos, elephants, and Zebras.
- There was a stampede of dinosaurs in the 2000 film Dinosaur
- In the 2004 film Garfield, there was a stampede of humans when Garfield was on the street with Louis.
See also
References
- ^ a b c Fay E. Ward, The cowboy at work, Courier Dover Publications, 2003, ISBN 0-486-42699-8 p. 28
- ^ Fay E. Ward, The cowboy at work, Courier Dover Publications, 2003, ISBN 0-486-42699-8 p. 31
- ^ a b Fruin, John. The Causes and Prevention of Crowd Disasters. www.crowddynamics.com. Retrieved November 22, 2010.
- ^ a b c How Not To Get Trampled at the Inauguration: Don't go with the flow. By Amanda Ripley, Slate.com Monday, Jan. 19, 2009
- ^ a b Rhys Blakely (September 30, 2008). "India temple stampede kills 110". The Times of London. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article4851062.ece. Retrieved 2008-09-30. "Temple crushes are common in India."
- ^ Sarah Stoner (2008). "Children's deaths that shocked the world". Sunderland Echo. http://www.sunderlandecho.com/daily/Children39s-deaths-that-shocked-the.4183073.jp. Retrieved 13 June 2008.
- ^ 'The Class of People who Go To The Gallery' "Special Report of the Fire Marshall" in Papers Relating to the Burning Down of the Brooklyn Theatre British House of Commons London: 1877. page 15
- ^ Dead On The New Bridge – Fatal Crush At The Western Approach. – Front Page – Nytimes.Com. New York Times (2011-01-02). Retrieved on 2011-01-19.
- ^ http://www.ferrovieinrete.com/doc_storici/GalleriaGrazie.pdf
- ^ "Lack of information can turn a passive crowd into a stampede". The Guardian (London). February 18, 2003. http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2003/feb/18/publicvoices3. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ Зайкин, В. (1989-07-20). "Трагедия в Лужниках. Факты и вымысел" (in Russian). Известия (202). http://october20.ru/site/20-07-89_izvestiya.html. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ "Saudis identifying nationalities of 118 dead pilgrims". BBC News. April 9, 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/76348.stm.
- ^ Lessons from Hajj deaths at BBC News - 6 March 2001
- ^ Kyodo News, "Ex-cop pleads not guilty in fatal '01 Akashi crush", Japan Times, 20 January 2012, p. 1.
- ^ На 21.12.2001 г. при нещастен случай в столичната дискотека "Индиго" загиват 7 деца. Bedstvia.start.bg (2001-12-21). Retrieved on 2011-01-19.
- ^ "Fourteen killed in Hajj stampede". BBC News. February 11, 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2749231.stm.
- ^ China Daily: 37 killed in Beijing lantern festival stampede. 2004-02-06
- ^ "Three die in Saudi shop stampede". BBC News. September 1, 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3618190.stm. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ "Deadly stampede at Yemeni rally". BBC News. September 12, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5337748.stm. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ At least 12 people were crushed to death in Zambia after an African Cup qualifier win over Republic of Congo – International Herald Tribune
- ^ "Women die in India train stampede". BBC News. October 3, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7026262.stm. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ "순천 돌 가공 공장 지배인 공개 처형 [Public Execution Carried Out on a Stone Processing Plant Manager in Soonchun]" (in Korean) (PDF). 오늘의 북한소식. Seoul: 사단법인 좋은벗들 북한연구소. October 17, 2007. pp. 7–8. http://www.goodfriends.or.kr/download/newsletter/newsletter94.pdf. Retrieved September 7, 2011. "워낙 많은 군중이 모이다보니 처형이 끝나고 흩어지면서 사람들에 깔려 6명이 사망하고, 34명이 다치는 사고가 일어났다."
- ^ "Three die in China sale stampede". BBC News. November 10, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/7088718.stm. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ BBC NEWS | World | Asia-Pacific | India temple stampede kills eight
- ^ Mexico City nightclubbers stampede during police raid; at least 12 dead – L.A. Times
- ^ "Yoll rises in Chamunda Devi stampede; 80 dead". September 30, 2008. http://www.ibnlive.com/news/toll-rises-in-chamunda-devi-stampede-80-dead/74652-3.html. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
- ^ Dey, Anindo; Parmar, Ajay (September 30, 2008). "177 feared dead in temple stampede in Jodhpur". Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/177_feared_dead_in_Jodhpur_temple_stampede/articleshow/3543100.cms. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
- ^ 20 children die in Tanzania stampede – The Times of India. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com (2008-10-02). Retrieved on 2011-01-19.
- ^ Ivorian stadium stampede kills 22. BBC News (2009-03-29). Retrieved on 2011-01-19.
- ^ Authorities blame organizer for deadly Love Parade Yahoo News. 28 July 2010
- ^ Index – Bulvár – Tragédia a West Balkánban: öten őrizetben. Index.hu. Retrieved on 2011-01-19.
External links
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Translations:
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Stampede
Dansk (Danish)
n. - panik, vild flugt
v. tr. - bisse, styrte af sted, skræmme på flugt
v. intr. - styrte af sted
Nederlands (Dutch)
vluchtende kudde, enorme toeloop, plotseling gedrang
Français (French)
n. - fuite précipitée, panique, débandade
v. tr. - semer la panique parmi (du bétail, des personnes), (fig) bousculer (qn)
v. intr. - se ruer, se précipiter, courir à la débandade, partir à la débandade (un troupeau)
Deutsch (German)
n. - wilde Flucht, Ansturm
v. - in Panik flüchten, eine Stampede auslösen
Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - πανικόβλητη ή άτακτη φυγή, (μτφ.) πανικός
v. - τρέπομαι σε πανικόβλητη φυγή
Italiano (Italian)
fuga disordinata, fuggi fuggi
Português (Portuguese)
n. - debandada (f)
v. - debandar
Русский (Russian)
панический страх, овладевающий стадом, паническое бегство, бросаться врассыпную, обращать в паническое бегство, броситься бежать, поддаваясь стадному чувству, вынуждать (угрозами)
Español (Spanish)
n. - afluencia, concurrencia, desbandada, desbocamiento
v. tr. - hacer huir o correr en desorden, asustar, dispersar
v. intr. - huir o correr en desorden, obrar súbitamente y por común impulso
Svenska (Swedish)
n. - vild flykt, panik, rusning, massrörelse
v. - råka i vild flykt, fly i panik, störta, försätta i panik, hetsa
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
惊逃, 乱窜, 蜂拥, 大溃退, 冲动行事, 使惊逃, 使乱拥, 使溃散, 使冲动行事, 溃散
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 驚逃, 亂竄, 蜂擁, 大潰退, 衝動行事
v. tr. - 使驚逃, 使亂擁, 使潰散, 使衝動行事
v. intr. - 驚逃, 蜂擁, 潰散, 衝動行事
한국어 (Korean)
n. - 놀라서 우르르 도망침, 스탬피드 (서부, 캐나다의 축제), 후보자 지지를 위한 선거민 대표의 쇄도
v. tr. - 앞을 다투어 도망치다, 대패주하다, (후보자 지지를 위해) 우르르 몰려오다
v. intr. - 우르르 도망치게 하다, 대패 시키다
日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 突然暴走すること, 殺到, 驚いてどっと逃げ出すこと
v. - 殺到する, 暴走する, つき動かして…させる, どっと逃げ出す
العربيه (Arabic)
(الاسم) ذعر, فرار جماعي (فعل) استولى عليهم الذعر و فروا
עברית (Hebrew)
n. - מנוסת בהלה, ריצה מבוהלת
v. tr. - החריד, הניס
v. intr. - נס בבהלה
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Stampede.
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Mentioned in
Stampede/To Rock or Not to Be
(1999 Album by Krokus)
Hacksaw
(1972 Western Film)
Lasca of the Rio Grande
(1931 Western Film)
Outlaws of Stampede Pass
(1943 Western Film)
Jungle Stampede
(1950 Culture & Society Film)
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