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Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

 
Medical Encyclopedia: Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
More about Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome:
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Definition

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a disease, caused by a type of bacteria, in which large sheets of skin may peel away.

Description

SSSS primarily strikes children under the age of five, particularly infants. Clusters of SSSS cases (epidemics) can occur in newborn nurseries, when staff in those nurseries accidentally pass the causative bacteria between patients. It can also strike other age groups who have weakened immune systems. Such immunocompromised patients include those with kidney disease, people undergoing cancerchemotherapy, organ transplant patients, and individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

— Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD



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n.

A disease affecting infants in which large areas of skin peel off in the manner of a second-degree burn, caused by upper respiratory staphylococcal infection. Also called Lyell's disease, Ritter's disease.

Wikipedia: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
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Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 L00.
ICD-9 695.81
DiseasesDB 29437
eMedicine derm/402 emerg/782
MeSH [1]

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, SSSS, also known as Pemphigus neonatorum or Ritter's disease, is a dermatological condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Contents

Pathophysiology

The syndrome is induced epidermolytic exotoxins (exfoliatin)[1] A and B, which are released by S. aureus and cause detachment within the epidermal layer. One of the exotoxins is produced by the bacterial chromosome, while the other is produced by a plasmid. (Bacterial plasmids are pieces of self-replicating DNA that often code for secondary characteristics, such as antibiotic resistance, and toxin production.) These exotoxins are proteases that cleave desmoglein-1, which normally holds the granulosum and spinosum layers together.

Symptoms

The disease presents with the widespread formation of fluid filled blisters that are thin walled and easily ruptured and the patient can be positive for Nikolsky's sign. Ritter's Disease of the Newborn is the most severe form of SSSS with similar signs and symptoms.

See also

References


 
 

 

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