n.
An antibiotic, C21H39O12N7, produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces griseus, used to treat tuberculosis and other bacterial infections.
[STREPTOMYC(ES) + -IN.]
Dictionary:
strep·to·my·cin (strĕp'tə-mī'sĭn)
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[STREPTOMYC(ES) + -IN.]
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streptomycin |
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia:
streptomycin |
For more information on streptomycin, visit Britannica.com.
Dental Dictionary:
streptomycin |
An antimicrobial drug often used to treat infections caused by gramnegative bacteria (such as tuberculosis). Though no human studies have been conducted, streptomycin administered during pregnancy or breastfeeding may cause damage to the ear of the fetus or infant.
Drug Info:
Streptomycin |
Chemical formula:

Streptomycin Sulfate Solution for injection
What is this medicine?
STREPTOMYCIN is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is used to treat certain kinds of bacterial infections. It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•hearing problems
•kidney disease
•an unusual or allergic reaction to streptomycin, other aminoglycosides or medicines, sulfites, foods, dyes or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding
How should I use this medicine?
This medicine is for injection into a muscle. It is usually given by a health care professional in a hospital or clinic setting.
If you get this medicine at home, you will be taught how to prepare and give this medicine. Use exactly as directed. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.
It is important that you put your used needles and syringes in a special sharps container. Do not put them in a trash can. If you do not have a sharps container, call your pharmacist or healthcare provider to get one.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for selected conditions, precautions do apply
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What if I miss a dose?
If your prescriber or health care professional has prescribed a regular schedule and you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.What may interact with this medicine?
Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:
•cephaloridine
•cidofovir
•colistin
•cyclosporine
•other aminoglycoside antibiotics
•polymyxin
•viomycin
This medicine may also interact with the following medications:
•anesthesia drugs
•diuretics
•muscle relaxers
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?
Tell your doctor or health care professional if your symptoms do not start to get better or if they get worse. Your condition, including your hearing and lab work, will be monitored while you are taking this medicine.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
•breathing problems
•change in amount or color of urine
•change in hearing
•fever
•loss of balance
•pain, tingling, numbness in the hands or feet
•redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth
•unusual bleeding or bruising
•unusually weak or tired
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•headache
•nausea, vomiting
•pain or swelling at site where injected
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Where should I keep my medicine?
This drug is given in a hospital or clinic and will not be stored at home.
Last updated: 7/1/2002
Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.
Columbia Encyclopedia:
streptomycin |
Veterinary Dictionary:
streptomycin |
One of the oldest of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. Because of its widespread use many previously susceptible gram-negative bacteria have developed a resistance to it and it has lost a great deal of its effectiveness and popularity. It is most effective against leptospira and haemophilus-associated infections. Like all other members of the group, streptomycin is absorbed poorly from the alimentary tract and must be given parenterally, usually by intramuscular injection for systemic effect. The group has moderate toxicity but this is of minor importance in food animals. Even in companion animals the risk is small but deafness and vestibular disturbances can occur, particularly in cats. Dihydrostreptomycin is a derivative and is used as an alternative to the parent antibiotic.
Word Tutor:
streptomycin |
Wikipedia:
Streptomycin |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| 5-(2,4-diguanidino- 3,5,6-trihydroxy-cyclohexoxy)- 4-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) -3-methylamino-tetrahydropyran-2-yl] oxy-3-hydroxy-2-methyl -tetrahydrofuran-3-carbaldehyde |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 57-92-1 |
| ATC code | A07AA04 J01GA01 |
| PubChem | 5999 |
| DrugBank | APRD00412 |
| ChemSpider | 18508 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C21H39N7O12 |
| Mol. mass | 581.574 g/mol |
| Physical data | |
| Melt. point | 12 °C (54 °F) |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 84% to 88% (est.)[1] |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 5 to 6 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
D[2] |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Intramuscular, intravenous
|
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic[3]. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections. An adverse effect of this medicine is ototoxicity, which can lead to hearing loss.
Contents |
Streptomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor. It binds to the S12 Protein of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interfering with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit.[citation needed] This prevents initiation of protein synthesis and leads to death of microbial cells. Humans have structurally different ribosomes from bacteria, thereby allowing the selectivity of this antibiotic for bacteria. However at low concentrations Streptomycin only inhibits growth of the bacteria, this is done by inducing prokaryotic ribosomes to misread mRNA.[4].
Streptomycin was first isolated on October 19, 1943 by Albert Schatz, a graduate student, in the laboratory of Selman Abraham Waksman at Rutgers University.[5] Waksman and his laboratory discovered several antibiotics, including actinomycin, clavacin, streptothricin, streptomycin, grisein, neomycin, fradicin, candicidin and candidin. Of these, streptomycin and neomycin found extensive application in the treatment of numerous infectious diseases. Streptomycin was the first antibiotic that could be used to cure the disease tuberculosis; early production of the drug was dominated by Merck & Co. under George W. Merck.
The first randomized trial of streptomycin against pulmonary tuberculosis was carried out in 1947 by the MRC Tuberculosis Research Unit. Whilst neither double-blind nor placebo-controlled, results showed efficacy against TB, albeit with minor toxicity and acquired bacterial resistance to the drug.[6]
While streptomycin is traditionally given intramuscularly (indeed, in many countries it is only licensed to be used intramuscularly), the drug may also be administered intravenously.[7]
When grown on a medium containing streptomycin, bacteria such as Escherichia coli are dependent upon expression of the aadA gene in order to survive (Joung et al., 2000). Thus, a suitably engineered E. coli strain, can be combined with a streptomycin-doped medium to select only bacteria hosting a successful interaction in two-hybrid screening experiments and methods derivative of two-hybrid screening (Hurt et al., 2003; Joung et al., 2000) Streptomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, and is a therefore a useful broad spectrum antibiotic.
Streptomycin is also used as a pesticide, to combat the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae. Streptomycin controls bacterial and fungal diseases of certain fruit, vegetables, seed, and ornamental crops, and controls algae in ornamental ponds and aquaria. A major use is in the control of fireblight on apple and pear trees. As in medical applications, extensive use can be associated with the development of resistant strains.
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This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
| antitubercular agent (pharmacology) | |
| dihydrostreptomycin (microbiology) | |
| dihydrostreptomycin |
| Why does streptomycin kill the bacteria and not us? Read answer... | |
| What are side affect for streptomycin? Read answer... | |
| Is penicillin and streptomycin synergistic or antagonistic? Read answer... |
| What is streptomycin made from? | |
| Steps of streptomycin production by Sgriseus? | |
| Is streptomycin can be given intravenously? |
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