tamarin

Tamarins
Cottontop Tamarin (Saguinus oedipus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Cebidae Subfamily: Callitrichinae Genus: Saguinus Hoffmannsegg, 1807
Type species
Saguinas ursula Hoffmannsegg, 1807 = Simia midas Linnaeus, 1758
Species
17 species, see text

The tamarins are any of the squirrel-sized New World monkeys from the family Cebidae, classified as the genus Saguinus. The closely related lion tamarins are in genus Leontopithecus.

Tamarin habitats range from southern Central America (Costa Rica) through middle South America (Amazon basin and north Bolivia, however not in the mountainous parts).

The various species of tamarins differ considerably according to their appearance, ranging from nearly all black through mixtures of black, brown and white. Many species typically have mustache-like facial hairs. Their body size ranges from 18 to 30 cm (plus a 25 to 44 cm long tail) and they weigh from 220 to 900 grams. Tamarins differ from marmosets primarily in the fact that the lower canine teeth are clearly longer than the incisors.

Tamarins are inhabitants of tropical rain forests and open forest areas. They are diurnal and arboreal, and run and jump quickly through the trees. Tamarins live together in groups of up to 40 members consisting of one or more families. More frequently, though, groups are composed of just three to nine members.

Tamarins are omnivores, eating fruits and other plant parts as well as spiders, insects, small vertebrates and bird eggs.

Gestation is typically 140 days, and births are normally twins. The father primarily cares for the young, bringing them to their mother to nurse. After approximately one month the young begin to eat solid food, although they aren't fully weaned for another two to three months. They reach full maturity in their second year.

In captivity, tamarins live to be 18 years old.

Classification

• Genus Saguinus
  • S. midas group
    • Red-handed Tamarin, Saguinus midas
    • Black Tamarin, Saguinus niger
  • S. nigricollis group
    • Black-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus nigricollis
      • Spix's Black-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus nigricollis nigricollis
      • Hernandez-Camacho's Black-mantled Tamarin Saguinus nigricollis hernandezi
    • Graells's Tamarin, Saguinus graellsi
    • Brown-mantled Tamarin or Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis
      • Spix's Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis fuscicollis
      • Geoffroy's Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis nigrifrons
      • Illiger's Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri
      • Andean Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis leucogenys
      • Red-mantle Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis lagonotus
      • Saguinus fuscicollis fuscus
      • Avila Pires' Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis avilapiresi
      • Weddell's Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis weddelli
      • Cruz Lima's Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis cruzlimai
      • Saddle-back Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis primitivus
    • White-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus melanoleucus
    • Golden-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus
  • S. mystax group
    • Moustached Tamarin, Saguinus mystax
      • Spix's Moustached Tamarin, Saguinus mystax mystax
      • White-rump Moustached Tamarin, Saguinus mystax pluto
    • Red-capped Tamarin, Saguinus pileatus
    • White-lipped Tamarin, Saguinus labiatus
    • Emperor Tamarin, Saguinus imperator
  • S. bicolor group
    • Pied Tamarin, Saguinus bicolor
    • Martins's Tamarin, Saguinus martinsi
      • Martin's Bare-face Tamarin, Saguinus martinsi martinsi
      • Ochraceus Bare-face Tamarin, Saguinus martinsi ochraceus
  • S. oedipus group
    • Cottontop Tamarin or Pinché Tamarin, Saguinus oedipus
    • Geoffroy's Tamarin, Saguinus geoffroyi
    • White-footed Tamarin, Saguinus leucopus
  • S. inustus group
    • Mottle-faced Tamarin, Saguinus inustus

References

• Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 133-136. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. 

External links

Wikispecies has information related to:

Tamarin

• Primate Info Net Saguinus Factsheets

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