Movie Type: Psychological Thriller, Crime Thriller
Themes: Southern Gothic, Wolf in Sheep's Clothing, Sibling Relationships
Main Cast: Robert Mitchum, Shelley Winters, Lillian Gish, Billy Chapin, Evelyn Varden, Peter Graves
Release Year: 1955
Country: US
Run Time: 93 minutes
Plot
Adapted by James Agee from a novel by Davis Grubb, The Night of the Hunter represented legendary actor Charles Laughton's only film directing effort. Combining stark realism with Germanic expressionism, the movie is a brilliant good-and-evil parable, with "good" represented by a couple of farm kids and a pious old lady, and "evil" literally in the hands of a posturing psychopath. Imprisoned with thief Ben Harper (Peter Graves), phony preacher Harry Powell (Robert Mitchum) learns that Ben has hidden a huge sum of money somewhere near his home. Upon his release, the murderously misogynistic Powell insinuates himself into Ben's home, eventually marrying his widow Willa (Shelley Winters). Eventually all that stands between Powell and the money are Ben's son (Billy Chapin) and daughter (Sally Jane Bruce), who take refuge in a home for abandoned children presided over by the indomitable, scripture-quoting Rachel Cooper (Lillian Gish). The war of wills between Mitchum and Gish is the heart of the film's final third, a masterful blend of horror and lyricism. Laughton's tight, disciplined direction is superb -- and all the more impressive when one realizes that he intensely disliked all child actors. The music by Walter Schumann and the cinematography of Stanley Cortez are every bit as brilliant as the contributions by Laughton and Agee. Overlooked on its first release, The Night of the Hunter is now regarded as a classic. ~ Hal Erickson, All Movie Guide
Review
Actor Charles Laughton directed only one movie during his 36 years in show business, and he certainly made his lone effort memorable; The Night of the Hunter is a strange, chilling, and uniquely compelling work that resembles no other American film of its era. Superbly shot by ace cinematographer Stanley Cortez, the film was obviously influenced by the look of German expressionist cinema, but Cortez and Laughton took the style's visual devices and reshaped them for their own purposes. The result is a film that resembles a reflected dream of childhood, foreign and troubling yet also very beautiful. Laughton drew a stunning performance from Robert Mitchum, who drops his usual veneer of casual cool and becomes disquietingly psychotic man of the cloth Harry Powell; his rapt sermon about the battle between love and hatred, and his murder of his new bride (Shelley Winters), rank with the most powerful and deeply etched moments of Mitchum's career. Legend has it that Laughton, who didn't care for children, instructed Mitchum to direct Billy Chapin and Sally Jane Bruce as the luckless Harper siblings, and, if it's true, Mitchum coaxed a pair of unusually naturalistic and affecting performances from his youthful co-stars, who never play "cute." Lillian Gish is a tower of both strength and compassion as Rachel Cooper, the saintly flip side to Mitchum's dark perversity; in a world where even the most loving and honorable adults have gone astray, Rachel alone offers love and protection without judgment to young people who need it, and Powell's venal, misogynist brutality are no match for her spiritual courage. It's a pity that Laughton never followed up on this remarkable debut; many long and successful careers have been launched by movies not half as impressive as The Night of the Hunter. ~ Mark Deming, All Movie Guide
James Gleason - Uncle Birdie; Sally Jane Bruce - Pearl Harper; Don Beddoe - Walt Spoon; Gloria Castillo - Ruby; Mary Ellen Clemons - Clary; Cheryl Callaway - Mary; Paul Bryar - Hangman Bart; Corey Allen - Young Man in Town
Credit
Hilyard M. Brown - Art Director, Jerry Bos - Costume Designer, Evelyn Carruth - Costume Designer, Charles Laughton - Director, Robert Golden - Editor, Walter Schumann - Composer (Music Score), Walter Schumann - Musical Direction/Supervision, Don L. Cash - Makeup, Stanley Cortez - Cinematographer, Ruby Rosenberg - Production Manager, Paul Gregory - Producer, Alfred E. Spencer - Set Designer, Louis de Witt - Special Effects, Jack R. Rabin - Special Effects, James Agee - Screenwriter, Davis Grubb - Short Story Author
In 1992, The Night of the Hunter was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in its National Film Registry.
The film is set in 1930sWest Virginia, along the Ohio River. Ben Harper (Peter Graves) is sentenced to hang for his part in a robbery in which two men were killed. Before he is caught he hides the stolen money, trusting only his son John (Billy Chapin) with the money's location. Harper has a much younger daughter, Pearl (Sally Jane Bruce). Reverend Harry Powell (Robert Mitchum), a serial killer and self-appointed preacher with the words "LOVE" and "HATE" tattooed on the knuckles of his right and left hands shares a prison cell with Harper. He tries to get Harper to tell him the hiding place before his execution, but the only clue he gets is a Biblical quotation Harper mutters in his sleep: "And a child shall lead them."
Convinced that Harper told his children the secret, Powell woos and marries Harper's widow, Willa (Shelley Winters). Willa is unaware of Powell's motives and is convinced that her marriage will lead to her salvation. Powell questions the children about the money whenever they are alone, but they distrust him and reveal nothing. John especially is suspicious and protective of his sister. One night Willa overhears her husband questioning the children and she realizes the truth. As she lies in bed that night in their attic bedroom with rafters reminiscent of the interior of a church, Powell leans over her and slits her throat.
Powell disposes of her body in the river. Powell finally learns the money's location from Pearl by threatening John, but the children escape with the money and travel down the river. They eventually find sanctuary with Rachel Cooper (Lillian Gish), an elderly but tough woman who looks after stray children. Powell eventually tracks them down, but Rachel sees through his false persona. After a climactic standoff between Rachel and Powell in which she protects the children with a shotgun but sings hymns through the night with Powell, he is arrested by the police and is hanged before a baying crowd of townsfolk. The film ends with Rachel speaking directly to camera that "Children are man at his strongest. They abide."
The film's music, composed and arranged by Walter Schumann in close association with Laughton, features a combination of nostalgic and expressionisticorchestral passages. The film has two original songs by Schumann, "Lullaby" (sung by Kitty White, whom Schumann discovered in a nightclub) and "Pretty Fly" (originally sung by Sally Jane Bruce as Pearl, but later dubbed by an actress named Betty Benson). A recurring musical device involves the preacher making his presence known by singing the traditional hymn "Leaning on the Everlasting Arms." Mitchum also recorded the soundtrack version of the hymn.[3]
In 1974, film archivist Robert Gitt Anthony Slide retrieved several boxes of photographs, sketches, memos, and letters relating to the film from Laughton's widow Elsa Lanchester for the American Film Institute; she also gave the Institute over 80,000 feet of rushes and outtakes from the filming.[4] In 1981, this material was sent to the UCLAFilm and Television Archive where, for the next 20 years, they were edited into a two-and-half hour documentary that premiered in 2002, at UCLA's Festival of Preservation.[5]
Response
Stanley Cortez' cinematography is noted and imitated, and Mitchum's performance is praised. Nevertheless, The Night of the Hunter was not a success with either audiences or critics at its initial release, which probably explains why Charles Laughton never directed another film.[1]
The movie was filmed in black and white, and uses the styles and motifs of German Expressionism (weird shadows, stylized dialogue, distorted perspectives, surreal sets, and odd camera angles) to portray a strange, simplified and disturbing mood, reflecting the sinister character of Powell, the nightmarish fears of the children, and the sweetness of their savior Rachel.
Roger Ebert wrote, "It is one of the most frightening of movies, with one of the most unforgettable of villains, and on both of those scores it holds up ... well after four decades."[6]
It ranked as the 71st greatest movie of all time on Empire Magazine's 500 greatest films list.[8]
In 1992, the United States Library of Congress deemed The Night of the Hunter to be "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected the film for preservation in its National Film Registry.
The Love and Hate knuckles story was adapted by Spike Lee for his film Do the Right Thing. Bill Nunn, playing the character of Radio Raheem, tells the story while wearing a pair of gold four-finger rings that say Love and Hate instead of tattoos. The story is almost exactly the same, but with Public Enemy's Fight the Power playing in the background, and certain words changed (ie, 'when Cain iced his brother').
^ ab Burgess Meredith is credited as director of the movie The Man on the Eiffel Tower[1]. Laughton and Irving Allen also directed but are not credited.
