- Director: Liliana Cavani
- AMG Rating:
- Genre: Drama
- Movie Type: Psychological Drama, Erotic Drama
- Themes: Haunted By the Past, Dangerous Attraction, Self-Destructive Romance
- Main Cast: Dirk Bogarde, Charlotte Rampling, Philippe Leroy, Gabriele Ferzetti, Isa Miranda
- Release Year: 1974
- Country: US/IT
- Run Time: 115 minutes
- MPAA Rating: R
Plot
Max (Dirk Bogarde) is a discreet, unassuming night porter working in a posh hotel in Vienna in 1957, tending to the guests' needs, from cold water to a bed-warming gigolo. Then Lucia (Charlotte Rampling) arrives at the hotel, on the arm of her husband, an American composer, and Max's past comes flooding back to him. It turns out Max was an S.S. officer at a Nazi concentration camp where Lucia was a beautiful young prisoner. She became, in effect, Max's sexual slave. Now, years later, their reunion shatters both of their lives. Lucia stays in Vienna after her husband travels on, in order to see Max, and they find themselves caught up in a renewal of their former sadomasochistic relationship. Max has an upcoming show trial for his war crimes. His former S.S. comrades have been carefully destroying documents and "filing away" witnesses to clear all their names, and, while Max tries to keep Lucia's existence a secret from them, they eventually find out about her. They consider her a threat, and they urge Max to turn her over to them. He quits his job, and he and Lucia hide out in his apartment, while his former friends keep watch. Liliana Cavani (Ripley's Game) co-wrote and directed this controversial film, Il Portiere di Notte, which she reportedly based partly on her own interviews with a Holocaust survivor. ~ Josh Ralske, All Movie GuideReview
On a global scale, Liliana Cavani's The Night Porter sharply divided critics upon release. Reviewers generally fell into two camps -- the Euro critics, who almost unanimously hailed it as a masterpiece -- and the über-P.C. American commentators, such as Pauline Kael, who referred to it in the New Yorker as "proof that women can make junk just as well as men." Roger Ebert even went so far as to blast the film, damning it "as nasty as it is lubricious, a despicable attempt to titillate us by exploiting memories of persecution and suffering."Brushing these criticisms aside for a second, The Night Porter, over three decades later, feels strongest in retrospect because Cavani manages -- in two hours -- to deeply engrave one of the most credible portraits of sadomasochistic bondage ever committed to celluloid, outside of Bertolucci's Last Tango in Paris. Cavani uses the Nazi mystique to climb deeply into the womb of sadomasochism, exposing the inner sicknesses and depravity inherent in S & M -- so deeply that the viewing experience becomes palpable, sweat-inducing, and wickedly uncomfortable. The director's refusal to become sexually gratuitous or explicit is exactly the point; she begins with the widely accepted conviction that sadomasochism is sexual and digs deeper, plunging into the pathological core of the dominance/submission dynamic. The film gradually becomes a dark immersion into the psyches of two individuals who enjoy giving and receiving pain, and an orchestra of sadomasochistic nuance. Nowhere is this more evident than in the picture's final act; the band of Nazis intent on hunting down the renegade Max becomes not merely a gripping plot device, but -- in Cavani's hands, a manipulative ploy -- a deus ex machina that the director uses to strip bare the core of sadomasochistic yearning. Trapped by their pursuers in a barren apartment, Max and Lucia gradually, imperceptibly starve themselves to death, clinging psychologically (and physically) to one other and growing wan and emaciated; at one point, Lucia walks barefoot over broken glass, lacerating the soles of her feet -- an act that single-handedly reveals her need (and desire) for self-abuse. Cavani has, in a few brilliant strokes, stripped away the sex and reduced her two diseased lovers to the core of pathological need. Criticisms of this as disgusting or depraved are moot, for it remains utterly, chillingly, and peerlessly real.
The wonderful paradox in The Night Porter, of course, is that the film's presentation and context are deliberately unreal -- an irony that completely eluded critics like Ebert, who slammed the picture's historical inaccuracies. As David Mamet has noted, motion pictures may be dreamscapes by default, but Cavani heightens the dream effect in Porter, dramatically playing up the nightmarish aspects of her onscreen imagery as she toys liberally with historical detail -- as in her visceral glimpse of a Nazi carnival torture ride for Jewish girls (an image whose lightning-flash appearance -- and absence of explicit violence -- render it almost subliminal).
In the end, the critics' need to attack Cavani as historically inaccurate become moot because The Night Porter never even attempts historical accuracy. Cavani has a different agenda altogether. Like Last Tango in Paris (with which it deserves comparison), The Night Porter is one of those gutsy films that extracts deep insights into pathology by constructing an unreal psychosexual phantasmagoria onscreen as a vehicle. The picture's depth and credibility on a psychopathological level thus could not possibly exist without the artificiality of the context that delivers it, fully justifying any contextual liberties that Cavani may take with her material, historical or otherwise. This forces us to look at the film's Nazi mythos allegorically instead of literally, exempting Cavani from accusations of Holocaust trivialization. ~ Nathan Southern, All Movie Guide
Cast
- Dirk Bogarde - Max
- Charlotte Rampling - Lucia
- Philippe Leroy - Klaus
- Gabriele Ferzetti - Hans
- Isa Miranda - Countess
