A hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates release of thyrotropin.
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Dictionary:
thy·ro·tro·pin-re·leas·ing hormone (thī'rə-trō'pĭn-rĭ-lē'sĭng, thī-rŏt'rə-)  |
| Medical Dictionary: thyrotropin-releasing hormone |
n.
(Abbr. TRH) A tripeptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyrotropin. Also called thyroliberin.
| WordNet: thyrotropin-releasing hormone |
Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words.
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
hormone released by the hypothalamus that controls the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary
Synonyms: TRH, thyrotropin-releasing factor, TRF, protirelin
| Wikipedia: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone |
 |
|
| Structural formula of TRH | |
|
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | TRH |
| Entrez | 7200 |
| HUGO | 12298 |
| OMIM | 275120 |
| RefSeq | NM_007117 |
| UniProt | P20396 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 3 q13.3-q21 |
For other uses, see TRH (disambiguation).
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also called thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF), thyroliberin or protirelin, is a tropic tripeptide hormone that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin by the anterior pituitary.
Contents |
Synthesis
TRH is produced by the hypothalamus in medial neurons of the paraventricular nucleus.[1] Initially, it is synthesized as a 242 amino acid precursor polypeptide that contains 6 copies of the sequence -Glu-His-Pro-Gly-, flanked by di-basic peptides that are later processed through proteolysis to give the mature TRH molecule.
It travels across the median eminence to the anterior pituitary gland via the hypophyseal portal system where it stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone from cells called thyrotropes.[2]
In addition to the brain, TRH can also be detected in other areas of the body including the gastrointestinal system and pancreatic islets.
History
The sequence of TRH was first determined and the hormone synthesized by Roger Guillemin and Andrew V. Schally in 1969.[3][4] Both parties insist their labs determined it first: Schally first suggested the possibility in 1966, but abandoned it after Guillemin proposed TRH was not actually a peptide. Guillemin's chemist began concurring with these results in 1969, as NIH threatened to cut off funding for the project, leading both parties to return to work on synthesis.[5]
Half of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to Schally and Guillemin "for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain."[6] News accounts of their work often focus on their "fierce competition" and use of tons of sheep and pig brains to locate the hormone.[5]
Chemical properties
Its molecular weight is 359.5 Da.
Its tripeptide structure is: (pyro)Glu-His-Pro-NH2
Clinical significance
It is used in pharmacology (brand name Relefact TRH) to test the response of the anterior pituitary gland.
Medical preparations of TRH are used in diagnostic tests of thyroid disorders and in acromegaly.
A TRH test may be indicated if secondary hypothyroidism is suspected.
See also
References
- ^ Taylor T, Wondisford FE, Blaine T, Weintraub BD (January 1990). "The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus has a major role in thyroid hormone feedback regulation of thyrotropin synthesis and secretion". Endocrinology 126 (1): 317–24. PMID 2104587.
- ^ Bowen R (1998-09-20). "Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone". Pathophysiology of the Endocrine System. Colorado State University. http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/tsh.html. Retrieved on 2009-03-04.
- ^ Boler J, Enzmann F, Folkers K, Bowers CY, Schally AV (November 1969). "The identity of chemical and hormonal properties of the thyrotropin releasing hormone and pyroglutamyl-histidyl-proline amide". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 37 (4): 705–10. doi:. PMID 4982117. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0006-291X(69)90868-7.
- ^ Burgus R, Dunn TF, Desiderio D, Guillemin R (November 1969). "[Molecular structure of the hypothalamic hypophysiotropic TRF factor of ovine origin: mass spectrometry demonstration of the PCA-His-Pro-NH2 sequence]" (in French). C.R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., Ser. D, Sci. Nat. 269 (19): 1870–3. PMID 4983502.
- ^ a b Woolgar, Steve; Latour, Bruno (1979). "Chapter 3: The Case of TRF(H)". Laboratory life: the social construction of scientific facts. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. ISBN 0-8039-0993-4.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977". NobelPrize.org. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1977/index.html. Retrieved on 2009-03-04.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Learn More
 | protirelin |
| TRH |
| hyperprolactinemia |
Help us answer these
 | Is Corticotrphin-releasing hormone the same as corticotrophin-releasing factor? |
| What is the hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone? |
| What is the sequence of the corticotropin-releasing hormone? |
Post a question - any question - to the WikiAnswers community:
Copyrights:
 |
 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
 |
| WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone". Read more |
Related answers
» More
ADVERTISEMENT
|
