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tibia

 
Dictionary: tib·i·a   (tĭb'ē-ə) pronunciation
tibia
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tibia
(Carlyn Iverson)
n., pl., -i·ae (-ē-ē'), or -i·as.
    1. The inner and larger of the two bones of the lower human leg, extending from the knee to the ankle.
    2. A corresponding bone in other vertebrates. Also called shinbone.
  1. The fourth division of an insect's leg, between the femur and the tarsi.
  2. Music. An ancient flute.

[Latin tībia, pipe, shinbone.]

tibial tib'i·al adj.

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Ancient Roman wind instrument, similar to the Greek Aulos, consisting of two pipes, sometimes with bell extensions to increase the volume. It was used by the Etruscans and Romans in religious ceremonies and rituals, was prominent in Roman literature and played an important part in the theatre.




shin bone

The inner and larger bone in the lower leg extending from the ankle to the knee. It articulates with the talus below and the femur above. It is triangular in cross-section. The sharp anterior crest and medial surface of the tibia are unprotected by muscle and can be felt just underneath the skin.

Tibia
Tibia

The inner and larger bone of the hindlimb below the stifle; it articulates with the femur and head of the fibula above and with the talus below.

  • rotated t. — a disease of young turkeys characterized by rotation of the shaft of the tibiotarsus of one leg causing the metatarsus to point laterally and the bird to assume a spraddle leg posture. Up to 15% of a flock may be affected.
  • t. valga — a bowing of the leg in which the angulation is away from the midline of the body.
  • t. vara — a bowing of the leg in which the angulation is toward the midline of the body; bowleg.
Wikipedia: Tibia
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Bone: Tibia
Gray260.png
Plan of ossification of the tibia. From three centers.
Gray's subject #61 256
MeSH Tibia

The tibia, shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates and connects the knee with the ankle bones. The tibia is named for the greek aulos flute, also known as a tibia.

Contents

In humans

The tibia is found medial and anterior to the fibula. It is the second largest bone in the human body, the largest being the femur. The tibia articulates with the femur superiorly, the fibula laterally and with the talus inferiorly. There is a misconception that femur (thigh bone) is the strongest bone in human body. But, the fact is tibia is the strongest bone. This is obvious as it is tibia that bears the body weight of human beings.

Gender differences

In the male, its direction is vertical, and parallel with the bone of the opposite side. In the female, it has a slightly oblique direction downward and laterally, to compensate for the greater obliqueness of the femur.

Structure

It is prismoid in form, expanded above, where it enters into the knee-joint, contracted in the lower third, and again enlarged but to a lesser extent below.

The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the later side of the tibia. The tibia is connected to the fibula by an interosseous membrane, forming a type of joint called a syndesmoses.

Blood supply

The tibia derives its arterial blood supply from two sources:[1]

  1. the nutrient artery (main source)
  2. periosteal vessels derived from the anterior tibial artery

Strength

The tibia has been modeled as taking an axial force during walking that is up to 4.7 bodyweight. Its bending moment in the sagittal plane in the late stance phase is up to 71.6 bodyweight times millimetre.[2]

In other animals

The structure of the tibia in most other tetrapods is essentially similar to that in humans. The tuberosity of the tibia, a crest to which the patellar ligament attaches in mammals, is instead the insertion point for the tendon of the quadriceps muscle in reptiles, birds, and amphibians, which have no patella.[3]

Additional images

See also

References

  1. ^ NELSON G, KELLY P, PETERSON L, JANES J. "Blood supply of the human tibia". J Bone Joint Surg Am 42-A: 625–36. PMID 13854090. 
  2. ^ Wehner T, Claes L, Simon U. (2009). Internal loads in the human tibia during gait. Clin Biomech 24(3):299-302. PMID 19185959 doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.01.002
  3. ^ Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 205. ISBN 0-03-910284-X. 

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.


Translations: Tibia
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - skinneben

Nederlands (Dutch)
scheenbeen

Français (French)
n. - tibia

Deutsch (German)
n. - Schienbein, Schiene

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (ανατ.) κνημιαίον οστούν (κν. καλάμι)

Italiano (Italian)
tibia

Português (Portuguese)
n. - tíbia (f)

Русский (Russian)
большеберцовая кость

Español (Spanish)
n. - tibia

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - tibia, skenben (anat.)

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
胫骨, 一种旧式的笛, 胫节

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 脛骨, 一種舊式的笛, 脛節

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 경골, 경절, 피리의 일종

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 脛骨, 脛節

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) عظم ألساق الأكبر, الطنبوب‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮שוקה - עצם השוק הפנימית‬


 
 

 

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Music Encyclopedia. The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved.  Read more
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Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Tibia" Read more
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