Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Email
Answers.com

Tobramycin

 
Drug Info: Tobramycin

Brand names: AK-Tob®Nebcin®Tobi®Tobrex®

Chemical formula:



Tobramycin eye ointment or solution

What is tobramycin eye ointment or solution?

TOBRAMYCIN (Tobrex®) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. The eye ointment or solution is for treating external bacterial infections of the eye. A generic tobramycin eye solution is available, but not an eye ointment.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
• an unusual or allergic reaction to tobramycin or other antibiotics, sulfites, foods, dyes or preservatives
• pregnant or trying to get pregnant
• breast-feeding

How should I use this medicine?

Tobramycin eye solution or eye ointment is only for use in the eye. Do not take by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Wash hands before and after use. Tilt your head back slightly and pull your lower eyelid down with your index finger to form a pouch. Try not to touch the tip of the dropper, or tube, to your eye, fingertips, or other surface. Squeeze the prescribed number of drops into the pouch: or, if using the ointment, squeeze the end of the tube to apply a thin layer of the ointment to the inside of the lower eyelid. Close the eye gently to spread the drops or ointment. Your vision may blur for a few minutes. Use your doses at regular intervals. Do not use your medicine more often than directed. Finish the full course of medicine prescribed by your prescriber or health care professional even if you think your condition is better.

Contact your pediatrician or health care professional regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.

What drug(s) may interact with tobramycin?

Do not use any other eye products without consulting your prescriber or health care professional. Check before stopping or starting any of your medicines or non-prescription products.

What should I watch for while taking tobramycin?

Tell your prescriber or health care professional if your symptoms do not improve in a few days.

A burning or stinging reaction that does not go away may mean you are allergic to this product. Stop using and call your prescriber or health care professional.

Tobramycin can make certain eye conditions worse. Only use it for conditions for which your prescriber or health care professional has prescribed.

To prevent the spread of infection, do not share eye products, towels and washcloths with anyone else. Throw away any unused eye products.

What side effects may I notice from using tobramycin?

These are possible serious side effects with tobramycin:
• burning, stinging or swelling of the eyelids
Other serious side effects are rare from the use of eye products; they include:
• difficulty hearing
• dizziness
• loss of balance
• muscle weakness
• nausea, vomiting
• pain or difficulty passing urine
• ringing in the ears

Minor side effects include:
• blurred vision
• eye irritation, itching

Where can I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children.

Store at room temperature between 2 and 27 degrees C (36 and 80 degrees F); do not freeze. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

Last updated: 7/1/2002

Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.

Search unanswered questions...
Enter a question here...
Search: All sources Community Q&A Reference topics
Veterinary Dictionary: tobramycin
Top

An aminoglycoside antibiotic, similar to kanamycin and neomycin, produced by cultures of Streptomyces tenebrarius. Used as the sulfate.

WordNet: tobramycin
Top
Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: an antibiotic (trade name Nebcin) that is especially effective against gram-negative bacteria
  Synonym: Nebcin


Wikipedia: Tobramycin
Top
Tobramycin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-5-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,5-diol
Identifiers
CAS number 32986-56-4
ATC code J01GB01 S01AA12
PubChem 5496
DrugBank APRD00582
ChemSpider 33377
Chemical data
Formula C18H37N5O9 
Mol. mass 467.515 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Protein binding < 30%
Metabolism  ?
Half life Neonates < 1200 g: 11 hrs; > 1200 g 2-9 hrs

Adults: 2-3 hours; longer with impaired renal function

Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

D (Injection, Inhalation); B (Ophthalmic) (US)

Legal status
Routes IV, IM, inhalation, ophthalmic

Tobramycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat various types of bacterial infections, particularly Gram-negative infections.

Mechanism of action

Tobramycin works by binding to a site on the bacterial 30S and 50S ribosome, preventing formation of the 70S complex. As a result, mRNA cannot be translated into protein and cell death ensues. Tobramycin is preferred over gentamicin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia due to better lung penetration and bactericidal activity.

Administration

Like all aminoglycosides, tobramycin does not pass the gastro-intestinal tract, so for systemic use it can only be given intravenously or intramuscularly. This formulation for injection is branded Nebcin. Patients with cystic fibrosis will often take an inhalational(nebulised) form (Tobi) for suppression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Tobramycin is also combined with dexamethasone as an ophthalmic solution (TobraDex).

Bausch & Lomb Pharmaceuticals, Inc. makes a sterile Tobramycin Ophtha Solution (eye-drops) with a tobramycin concentration of 0.3%, which is available by prescription only in the United States and Canada. (In some countries, such as Italy, it is available over the counter.) It is mixed with 0.01% benzalkonium chloride as a preservative. These concentrations result in 3 mg per ml and 0.1 mg per ml, respectively.

Side effects

Like other aminoglycosides, tobramycin can cause deafness or a loss of equilibrioception (vertigo) in genetically susceptible individual. These individuals have a normally harmless mutation in their DNA, that allows the tobramycin to affect their cells. The cells of the ear are particularly sensitive to this.

Tobramycin can also be highly toxic to the kidneys, particularly if multiple doses accumulate over a course of treatment.

For these reasons, when tobramycin is given parenterally, it is usually dosed by body weight. Various formulae exist for calculating tobramycin dosage. Also serum levels of tobramycin are monitored during treatment.


 
 

 

Copyrights:

Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved.  Read more
Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Tobramycin" Read more