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transom

  (trăn'səm) pronunciation
n.
    1. A horizontal crosspiece over a door or between a door and a window above it.
    2. A small hinged window above a door or another window.
  1. A horizontal dividing bar of wood or stone in a window.
  2. A lintel.
  3. Nautical.
    1. Any of several transverse beams affixed to the sternpost of a wooden ship and forming part of the stern.
    2. The aftermost transverse structural member in a steel ship, including the floor, frame, and beam assembly at the sternpost.
    3. The stern of a square-sterned boat when it is a structural member.
  4. The horizontal beam on a cross or gallows.

[Middle English traunsom, probably alteration of Latin trānstrum, cross-beam, from trāns, across. See trans–.]


 
 

[ܒtrænsǝm]

ˈtrænsǝm n. 1. the flat surface forming the stern of a vessel.

2. a horizontal beam reinforcing the stern of a vessel.

See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.

 
Architecture: transom


1. A horizontal member, usually of wood or stone, that separates a door from a window, fanlight, or panel above it; sometimes called a transom bar.
2. An operable window hinged to the transom, 1 directly above a door.
3. A crossbar in a window frame that divides a window horizontally. Also see operable transom.


 

[Co]

A beam or beams dividing a window horizontally into two or more lights.

 
Wikipedia: transom

The term transom has several different meanings.

Ship terminology

Enlarge

In naval architecture, a transom is the surface that forms the stern of a vessel. Transoms may be flat or curved and they may be vertical (probably the least usual), raked forward (known as retroussé), or raked aft (probably the most common). The bottom tip of the transom can be approximately on the waterline, in which case the stern of the vessel is referred to as a "transom stern", or the hull can continue so that the centreline is well above the waterline before terminating in a transom, in which case it is referred to as a "counter stern". On a counter-sterned vessel, the actual size of the transom varies widely.

On smaller vessels where an outboard motor is the source of propulsion, the motor is usually mounted on the transom, and held in place either by clamps or metal bolts that go through the transom. In this arrangement, all the power of the motor is transmitted via the transom to the rest of the vessel's structure, making it a very important part of the vessel's construction.

The term is probably a corruption of Latin transtrum, a thwart, in a boat; equivalents are French traverse, croisillon, German Losholz.

Architecture

In architecture, a transom is the term given to the horizontal member which is framed across a window, dividing it into stages or heights.

Transom is the customary U.S. word for a window over a door, which may be fixed or capable of being opened for ventilation. In England, the transom above a door is usually referred to as a fanlight, and occasionally as an "overlight", or by the French word "vasistas". The word "fanlight" derives from the fan-like shape of early transoms, which became a traditional part of the Georgian style. The French term is phonetically similar to German phrase "was ist das?" ("what is that?"). Hence folk etymology ascribes its origin to German chambermaids in France[citation needed].

Increasingly, transom is used to refer to the horizontal structural member in a curtain wall system which transfers the dead load of the glass and the wind load to the mullion.

History

In early Gothic ecclesiastical work, transoms are only found in belfry unglazed windows or spire lights, where they were deemed necessary to strengthen the mullions in the absence of the iron stay bars, which in glazed windows served a similar purpose. In the later Gothic, and more especially the Perpendicular Period, the introduction of transoms became common in windows of all kinds.

Publishing

The phrase "over the transom" refers to works submitted for publication without being solicited. The image evoked is of a writer tossing a manuscript through the open window over the door of the publisher's office.


 
Translations: Translations for: Transom

Dansk (Danish)
n. - tværpost, tværbjælke (over dør eller vindue)

idioms:

  • over the transom    uden tidligere overenskomst

Nederlands (Dutch)
dwarsbalk

Français (French)
n. - (Archit) transverse, (Naut) tableau arrière, (US) imposte

idioms:

  • over the transom    spontané (une candidature)

Deutsch (German)
n. - Querbalken, (Fenster)sprosse, Querversteifung (am Schiffsheck), Oberlicht

idioms:

  • over the transom    ohne vorherige Absprache

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (αρχιτ.) φεγγίτης πόρτας

idioms:

  • over the transom    χωρίς προηγούμενη συνεννόηση, αυτοκλήτως

Italiano (Italian)
traversa

idioms:

  • over the transom    spontaneamente

Português (Portuguese)
n. - trave (f), travessão (m), padieira (f)

idioms:

  • over the transom    sobre a trave

Русский (Russian)
(стр.) фрамуга, (стр.) поперечный брусок, ригель, (мор.) транец

idioms:

  • over the transom    через поперечный брусок, лично принести рукопись издателю

Español (Spanish)
n. - travesaño, dintel, montante

idioms:

  • over the transom    enviado sin haber sido solicitado o sin previo arreglo (esp. un manuscrito a una editorial), a iniciativa del remitente

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - övre dörrpost, horisontell fönsterpost, spröjs, tvärpost, tvärbjälke, häckbalk, akterspegel (sjö)

中文(简体) (Chinese (Simplified))
横档, 横粱, 横楣

idioms:

  • over the transom    未经恳求或事先安排

中文(繁體) (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 橫檔, 橫樑, 橫楣

idioms:

  • over the transom    未經懇求或事先安排

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 중간틀, 채광창, 고물보

idioms:

  • over the transom    의뢰 없이, 자기 멋대로

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 横木, 横棒, 船尾梁, 横仕切りのある

idioms:

  • over the transom    依頼なしに

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) الرافدة المستعرضه‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮משקוף, קורת-רוחב, מוט-עץ מחלק חלון לרוחב באמצעו, מוט-עץ המפריד בין דלת לחלון שמעליה‬


 
 

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Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
US Military Dictionary. The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. Copyright © 2001, 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Architecture. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Archaeology Dictionary. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Copyright © 2002, 2003 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Transom" Read more
Translations. Copyright © 2007, WizCom Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved.  Read more

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