Two. The United States Courts of Appeal, and the United States District Courts. Military courts are federal courts of specific subject-matter and personal jurisdiction.

There are two lower federal court systems. One is the United States District Courts, of which there are 94 district and territorial courts through the United States and its territories and possessions. These are usually considered trial courts.

Above the federal district courts are the United States Courts of Appeal, of which there are 13 circuits, numbered one through eleven, and the United States Court of Appeal for the District of Columbia Circuit and the United States Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit. These are usually considered appellate courts, to which cases decided by the district courts are, in some cases, appealed to. The 11 circuit courts and the District of Columbia circuit court are courts that have geographical areas of jurisdiction, and the U.S. Court of Appeal for the Federal Circuit is an appellate court having certain subject-matter jurisdiction.

The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit is a federal court of specific subject-matter jurisdiction, whereas the eleven United States Circuit Courts of Appeal and the United States Court of Appeal for the District of Columbia Circuit are courts of plenary jurisdiction over specific geographic regions of the United States, as appellate courts from the jurisdiction of the ninety-four U.S. District Courts.

The Administrative Office of the United States Courts