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University of Oregon |
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Latin: Universitas Oregonensis
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| Motto | Mens agitat molem (Latin for "Mind moves the mass") |
| Established | 1876 |
| Type | Public |
| Academic term | Quarter |
| Endowment | US $454.87 million [1] |
| President | David B. Frohnmayer |
| Staff | 1,666 |
| Undergraduates | 16,475 |
| Postgraduates | 3,919 |
| Location | Eugene, Oregon, USA |
| Campus | Urban |
| Mascot | Donald Duck |
| Website | www.uoregon.edu |
The University of Oregon is a public university located in Eugene, Oregon. The university was founded in 1876, graduating its first class two years later. The University of Oregon is one of 60 members of the Association of American Universities. The Carnegie Foundation classifies the University of Oregon as a "high research activity" university. Former Oregon Attorney General David B. Frohnmayer is the president of the university. The UO receives much of its funding from the UO Foundation, an independent not-for-profit organization.
The University of Oregon is organized into eight schools and colleges—six professional schools and colleges, an Arts and Sciences College and an Honors College. Full department listing: University of Oregon Department Index
The School of Architecture and Allied Arts (called "triple-A" or "AAA") was founded by Ellis F. Lawrence[2] in 1914. The school offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in Architecture, Art including Digital Arts, Arts and Administration, Art History, Historic Preservation, Interior Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Planning, Public Policy and Management. A new undergraduate degree in Material and Product Studies will begin in fall 2008. The school also offers an architectural program in Portland, Oregon, for students with a four-year pre-professional degree in architecture. Undergraduates and beginning graduate students enrolled in architecture can transfer to Portland after fulfilling the department's core curriculum in Eugene. In fall 2008, students may enroll in a one-year B.F.A. program in Digital Arts or Product Design in Portland.
The school offers the only accredited degree in architecture, landscape architecture, and interior architecture in Oregon. Other nationally accredited degrees include the planning and public administration programs. The National Architectural Accrediting Board accredits both the undergraduate bachelor of architecture five-year degree and the master of architecture. The masters in architecture offers three options (Option I is offered to students already with an accredited architecture degree who wish to engage in advanced research study, Option II is offered to students with a four year pre-professional architecture degree, and Option III offered to students without any architecture degree). The department of art offers an array of fine arts including Digital Media, Ceramics, Fibers, Metals and Jewelry, Photography, Painting, and Sculpture. Selected works by students are frequently placed on display in Lawrence Hall's Laverne Krause Gallery.
The College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) covers a large array of departments in the arts and sciences. The Creative Writing graduate program is nationally recognized as being amongst the best in the nation[3] - fewer than four percent are admitted out of 400 applicants each year.[4]
The Charles H. Lundquist College of Business (LCB) was founded in 1884 and offers programs fields such as accounting, decision sciences, finance, management, and marketing. It is also home to the industry Warsaw Sports Marketing Center, the "premiere sports education and research program in the world."[5] The College is housed in the state-of-the-art Lillis Business Complex.
The College of Education was established in 1896 as a branch of the Department of Philosophy and later merged with the Department of Science and Arts in 1900. It wasn't until 1910 that the School of Education was established as an independent college. In 1908, this college was accredited by the Northwest Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.[6] According to the U.S. News & World Report 2006–7 edition of “America’s Best Graduate Schools,” the College of Education ranked 15th overall and eighth among public universities. For the seventh consecutive year, the UO special education program ranked third in the nation.
The Clark Honors College is a small college intended to complement the existing majors already in place at the university by joining select students and faculty for a low student to teacher ratio (25:1 maximum).[7] Admitted students in 2005 held a mean unweighted GPA of 3.93 and a mean SAT score of 1355 (out of 1600).[8]
The School of Journalism and Communication (known as the "J-School") is one of the oldest Journalism schools in the United States,[9] beginning as a department in 1912 and later becoming a professional school 1916, receiving accreditation from the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.[10] It currently runs the Oregon Documentary Project and Flux magazine, a student-produced publication. Eight of the nine Pulitzer Prize winners from the University of Oregon graduated from the School of Journalism and Communication.[11] It also awards the annual Payne Award for Ethics in Journalism.
The School of Law was formed in 1884 in Portland and relocated to Eugene in 1915.[12] It was admitted into the Association of American Law Schools in 1919 and received accreditation from the American Bar Association in 1923.[13]
The School of Music and Dance was initially just the Department of Music in 1886, and developed into the School of Music in 1900 It was admitted to the National Association of Schools of Music in 1928. The school offers over 20 ensembles in vocal and instrumental music, giving approximately 200 public performances a year.[14] Renamed in 2005, the MarAbel B. Frohnmayer Music Building is the physical home of the School, named after current University of Oregon President Frohnmayer's mother, a 1932 alumna of the School. [15]
The multi-branch University of Oregon Libraries serves the campus with library collections, instruction and reference, and a wide variety of educational technology and media services. The UO is Oregon's only member of the Association of Research Libraries. The main branch, Knight Library, houses humanities and social sciences, Learning Commons, Music Services, Government Publications, Maps and Aerial Photos, Special Collections & University Archives, Media Services, and the Center for Educational Technologies. Other branch locations are the Architecture and Allied Arts Library, the Portland Architecture Library, the John E. Jaqua Law Library, the Science Library, the Mathematics Library, and the Loyd & Dorothy Rippey Library at the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology.
The UO Libraries hosts Scholars' Bank, an open access(OA) digital repository created to capture, distribute and preserve the intellectual output of the University of Oregon. Scholars' Bank uses the open-source DSpace software developed by MIT and Hewlett Packard.
The Libraries' Educational Video Group maintains the UO Channel, which uses streaming media to provide access to campus lectures, interviews, performances, symposia, and documentary productions.
The UO is the founding member and host of the Orbis-Cascade Alliance, a consortium of academic and research libraries in Oregon and Washington. The combined collections of the Alliance exceed 20 million volumes and can be searched via the Summit union catalog.
The University of Oregon has around 80 buildings and facilities, including athletics sites such as Hayward Field, which is the site for the 2008 Olympic Track and Field Trials, and McArthur Court, and off-campus sites such as nearby Autzen Stadium and the Riverfront Research Park. An online guide to the university's built environment, Architecture of the University of Oregon, describes campus buildings and provides timelines of key architectural events linked with campus history.
The university is known for being the site of a pioneering participatory planning experiment known as the Oregon Experiment (which is also the subject of a book of the same name). The two major principles of the project are that buildings should be designed, in part, by the people who will ultimately use them (usually with the help of an 'architect facilitator'), and that construction should occur over many small projects (as opposed to a few large ones).
In part because of the popularity of the University's journalism program, the U of O has a vibrant and diverse array of student-run and student-created media.
The Oregon Daily Emerald, published Monday through Friday, primarily features news items and commentary pertaining to the University community, and is considered the daily paper of record. In addition to the print newspaper, the Emerald publishes its features on a website that is viewed daily by UO alumni around the world. The Emerald has been in publication for more than 100 years and has many distinguished alumni. A court case involving the Emerald's publication of several first-hand student accounts of drug use during the 1960s became the basis for the subsequent creation of the Oregon Shield Law. The paper became independent in the 1970s after editor Paul Brainerd, the founder of Aldus and creator of PageMaker, realized the potential conflict of interest between acting as a watchdog while simultaneously receiving direct funding and oversight from the university. Today the paper is supported by advertising revenue and is distributed free to students because of a subscription fee paid by the ASUO with incidental fees.
The Oregon Voice, the Oregon commentator, and the Insurgent are three separate student-run and student-funded magazines, each of which publish several issues per school year on independently determined schedules. The three magazines represent a variety of perspectives, and each are funded by the Associated Students of the University of Oregon's (ASUO) incidental fee. In 2000, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in Southworth v. the University of Wisconsin that public universities may fund student publications through mandatory student incidental fees, but that university administrations may exert no editorial control over those publications and that fees must be distributed in a viewpoint-neutral manner.
The Oregon Voice primarily chronicles popular culture in a zine format. The Voice often profiles music acts as they tour through Eugene, and in 1998 the magazine published a widely read interview with Infinite Jest author David Foster Wallace.
The second oldest publication on campus after the Emerald, the Oregon Commentator is a journal of political opinion and humor, modeled in equal parts after such publications as Harvard Lampoon and Reason Magazine. Often, but not always, the Commentator is known for a libertarian or conservative stance. In general its aim is to serve as a contrarian outlet for students resistant to the prevailing trends on campus. In addition to its print magazine, the Commentator publishes its content on its website, where it also maintains a group-run blog frequently linked to by national news outlets. It was founded in fall 1983 primarily by Dane S. Claussen, now a journalism/mass communication professor, and Richard E. Burr, now with The Detroit News' editorial pages.
The Insurgent is a journal of radical politics published by a Collective of students and others who express solidarity with such groups as the Animal Liberation Front and the Earth First! organization. Among other causes, the Insurgent rallies for the release of such individuals as Mumia Abu-Jamal and convicted arsonist Jeffrey "Free" Leuers, on the grounds that they are wrongly held political prisoners.
Flux is an annual magazine written and edited by students at the University of Oregon School of Journalism & Communication. It contains in-depth features about a wide variety of topics, many of which are based in the Pacific Northwest but have national appeal and interest.
The Oregon Quarterly is a University magazine which presents "the diversity
of ideas and people associated with the University, Oregon, and the Northwest." [17] Other student publications on the University of Oregon campus include the multicultural magazine
Korean Ducks, and the multilingual publication Global Talk', ,[18].
Controversy has occasionally surrounded the Commentator and the Insurgent. In 2001 the Insurgent gained national attention for publishing a primer on violent methods of ending scientific testing on lab animals, opposite a page detailing the names, phone numbers, and home addresses of science professors alleged to be involved in such practices.
In 2005 members of the Insurgent Collective led efforts to defund the Oregon Commentator on the grounds that it had violated its own Mission and Goals statement by ridiculing a prominent student senator. The ASUO's Programs Finance Committee (PFC) voted to defund the Commentator. Later, three members of the PFC resigned their positions under duress, including one whose criminal record was published in the Commentator. The free-speech advocacy and civil rights organization FIRE threatened legal action against the University, and the Commentator's funding was subsequently reinstated by a reconstituted PFC. In 2006 the Commentator republished the twelve Mohammed cartoons that had sparked riots across the Middle East after first appearing in the Danish newspaper Jyllands Posten several months prior. The Insurgent followed by publishing twelve cartoons depicting Jesus[3], some of which featured the deity with a prominent erection. Several groups demanded a public apology or a defunding of the Insurgent, and news outlets including The O'Reilly Factor called for the firing of the University's President David B. Frohnmayer. Both the Emerald and the Commentator publicly defended the Insurgent's right to free speech and Frohnmayer's decision to uphold it, citing the 2001 Southworth decision by the Supreme Court.
The Emerald itself is not a stranger to controversy. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the student newspaper published an annual satire supplement called the Immorald. The 1981 Immorald featured the phrase "Give me a fucking break" in nearly all its stories, which led to an angry editorial in the Eugene Register-Guard, entitled "The Immorald is Not Funny". The phrase had been used earlier that year by Emerald political columnist (and former editor) Greg Wasson, which prompted Max Rijken, a member of the Oregon Legislature, to photocopy the article for fellow legislators and demand that the UO administration take action against the newspaper. The co-editor of that year's Immorald, Mike Rust, went on to co-found the Commentator a few years later.
The other 1981 Immorald co-editor, Mike Lee, had lightly sparred with the Emerald itself a few years earlier, in a mock controversy that had real consequences for the UO mascot, the Oregon Duck. In 1978 the Emerald sponsored a student referendum that would officially declare the cartoon character Mallard Drake as UO mascot. Drake, the creation of Emerald editorial cartoonist Steve Sandstrom, was a black-feathered duck, closer in spirit to Daffy Duck than the UO's Donald. Lee opposed the referendum through an organization called the "Retain Class in Your Bird" committee, itself a parody of a campus radical group, the Revolutionary Community Youth Brigade. Students ultimately voted for Donald over Mallard, in an election that drew more votes than the student-body president on the same ballot. UO officials later used that election as evidence that students "officially" voted for Donald Duck as campus mascot.
UO track and field coach Bill Bowerman revolutionized the athletic shoe by pouring melted rubber into a waffle iron, creating a prototype rubber soled shoe famously known as the "Oregon waffle." Bowerman went on to co-found Nike corporation with UO alumnus Phil Knight. Nike has maintained a close relationship with UO ever since, manufacturing all university logo clothing and uniforms for the football team, including research prototypes for high-tech "smart clothes", such as jerseys with cooling systems.
Controversy surrounding Nike's labor practice precipitated protests in 2000 led by a group of students calling themselves The Human Rights Alliance. The protests included a 10-day tent city occupation of the lawns in front of Johnson Hall, the main administration building. Protesting students demanded and initially received independent oversight by the Worker Rights Consortium (WRC) of Nike's overseas factories. The University of Oregon joined the WRC but was quickly admonished by Phil Knight in a scathing letter resulting in the rescinding of a US$30 million dollar contribution to renovate Autzen Stadium, and a pledge for no more future donations should the University continue its membership in the WRC. The University eventually terminated the relationship with the WRC within a year of joining, citing "legal complications." Phil Knight later reinstated the donation and increased the money to over US$50 million dollars. [4]
Further controversy ensued in March 2005 with the resignation of track coach Martin Smith. Smith was ousted by the “Lame Ducks”, a group of former Oregon track athletes employed at Nike that raises funds to support the Oregon track program, and by Phil Knight who stated that he would quit donating to the track team as long as Smith was coach. The primary point of contention was that Smith did not focus enough on long distance running events which was a traditional strength for Oregon and Nike shoe sales. Smith was replaced by former Stanford coach Vin Lananna in July 2005.
On August 20, 2007 the University announced a $100 million pledge from Phil and Penny Knight to create the Oregon Athletics Legacy Fund. The donation will cover the majority of the $150 million goal to make the athletics program self sufficient. [5]
The mascot of the University of Oregon is the duck; popular Disney character Donald Duck has been the mascot for decades, thanks to a handshake agreement made by The Walt Disney Company. UO is a member of the Pacific Ten Conference and Division I for athletics (Division I-A for football). Home football games are played in Autzen Stadium. The university intends to build a larger arena to replace McArthur Court, where basketball games are played.
The two primary rivals of the Oregon Ducks are the Washington Huskies and the Oregon State Beavers. The University of Oregon competes in one of the nation's oldest football rivalries with Oregon State University, known as the "Civil War"; the two teams have faced each other nearly every year since 1894 (with five years not played).
The University of Oregon has produced many world-class track and field and cross country athletes, including Steve Prefontaine. The Ducks have won five men's NCAA outdoor track and field championships, four men's cross country championships, and one women's outdoor track and field championship and two women's cross country championships. The university also maintains a relationship with shoe manufacturer Nike, which also provides uniforms and logo merchandise for the Ducks.
The men's basketball team has a long history, including winning the first-ever NCAA basketball tournament in 1939 (the team was then known as the Tall Firs) and playing in one of the most storied basketball arenas in the nation. January 14, 2007 was the 80th anniversary of the first basketball game played at McArthur Court, making it the oldest on-campus basketball arena still in use in the country. In recent years, the Ducks have enjoyed success under the leadership of senior Freddie Jones (now of the Portland Trailblazers), and sophomores Luke Ridnour (now of the Seattle Supersonics) and Luke Jackson (now of the Toronto Raptors). In 2002, the Ducks garnered a No. 2 seeding in the NCAA tournament and advanced to the Elite Eight where they lost to the University of Kansas Jayhawks. In one of the greatest individual performances all-time at Mac Court, Jackson scored 40 points -- including 29 straight in the second half and overtime -- as Oregon overcame an 18-point deficit to defeat Colorado 77-72 in the first round of the National Invitation Tournament on March 17, 2004.
The football team has enjoyed success over the past decade, though the major turning point of the football program was a game in 1994, at Autzen Stadium against the perennial football power and border rival, the University of Washington Huskies. In that game, Oregon held on to a slim lead, but the favored Huskies looked to score late in the game, which would have resulted in yet another disappointing loss (Oregon had lost 17 of 20 and five straight to the Huskies prior to this game). Miraculously, freshman defensive back Kenny Wheaton intercepted the football and ran the ball back 97 yards for a touchdown to secure the upset victory. This play became affectionately known as "The Pick" among Duck fans. With this momentum, the team proceeded to win the rest of their conference games, won the Pac-10 title and played in the Rose Bowl Game, losing 38-20 to Penn State. In 1995, Mike Bellotti became the head football coach and took the football program to the next level. In 2001, under the leadership of Joey Harrington at quarterback, the team finished 11-1 including a 38-16 win over the University of Colorado in the Fiesta Bowl. The team finished #2 in the college rankings that year, behind only the University of Miami, who finished the season undefeated; Oregon was the nation's only one-loss team.
In 2005, Oregon had success behind senior quarterback Kellen Clemens and a new spread offense. Unfortunately, during a game at Arizona Clemens suffered a broken ankle. At that point Oregon was 8-1 (their only loss was to #1 ranked USC 45-13), and still in the hunt for a BCS game. Oregon won their final three games and their success led them into contention for a bid to the Fiesta Bowl. However, due to NCAA clauses, they were relegated to play in a second tier game, the Holiday Bowl, where they played an Oklahoma team with only seven wins and four losses. Oregon subsequently lost to Oklahoma 17-14 to finish the season 10-2, tied for second best in school history.
With the support of its boosters—most notably, Phil Knight—the Oregon football program has among the best facilities[citation needed] in the United States including a newly remodeled Autzen Stadium and a state of the art locker room replete with luxuries such as plasma displays and fingerprint biometric locks. The team has also benefited from the creative work of the University of Oregon's sports marketing department and Nike, with billboards promoting individual athletes, personalized comic books for prospective recruits, and high tech uniforms, logos and mascot. The football team has been criticized by the mainstream sports media, however, for its untraditional uniforms. [6]
The University of Oregon women's softball team, coached by Head Coach Kathy Arendsen, Associate Head Coach Jay Gaudreau and Assistant Coach Mick Hokanson finished the 2006 season 25-29 and ranked 28th in the NCAA RPI. They were not eligible for the post-season NCAA tournament because of their record. A season highlight was the perfect game pitched by Alicia Cook against Stanford on April 28, 2006 at Howe Field. The Ducks had appeared in the NCAA tournament for the previous three seasons.
In 2006, the Oregon women's soccer team, despite finishing second in the Pac-10 and being ranked nationally in the top 20, were not selected for the NCAA tournament field of 64.
Additionally, former women’s track coach, Sally Harmon sued the university with a US$1.1 million gender discrimination lawsuit which was settled in July 2005.
In addition to its athletic teams, the university also has a competitive intercollegiate Speech and Debate team, directed by professor of rhetoric David Frank. The University of Oregon Forensics program was founded in 1876, at the same time as the university. Initially the program consisted of two student-formed forensic societies, which developed into "doughnut league" inter-dorm competitions in the 1890s. In 1891, the UO began intercollegiate competition with a debate on the topic of labor against Willamette University in nearby Salem. Forensics continued to grow as a staple of the university's community and by 1911, the team was so successful that they could charge admission to debates. Money raised during these events was often donated to the fledgling University of Oregon football program.
Parliamentary debate was integrated into UO Forensics in 1998-99 and the team has been competitive since. In 2001, the UO's Alan Tauber and Heidi Ford claimed a national title, winning the first ever National Parliamentary Tournament of Excellence (NPTE). In 2003, Damon Martichuski and Kevin Stone finished in the country's top four, finally losing in the semi-finals at the formidable National Parliamentary Debate Association National Tournament. Most recently, the team of Katherine Preston and Ben Dodds took sixth at the 2007 NPTE.
As of 2007, the team is coached by Aaron Donaldson, who debated for Carroll College 1999-2003, and Luke Landry, who won the 2007 NPTE while debating for William Jewell College. In the 2006-2007 season, the team won first place in the Northwest Forensics Conference's overall sweepstakes, due to regularly strong showings in both individual events and parliamentary debate.
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The University of Oregon's 280 acre (1.1 km²), park-like campus is home to more than 500 varieties of trees. Campus legends state that a botanist, who was researching trees that could survive in the Willamette Valley, planted at least one of every kind of survivable tree on the campus. Nearly all of the original trees have survived, though some have been destroyed by natural causes such as windstorms. Notable campus trees include the only trees on campus when classes began in 1876 -- two oak trees near Villard Hall called the Condon Oaks, a tree germinated on a lunar expedition, and a Dawn Redwood tree, which was once thought to be extinct.
The film National Lampoon's Animal House (1978) was filmed on the university campus and the surrounding area. The building used as the exterior of the Delta House (which belonged to the University of Oregon Phi Kappa Psi chapter) was demolished in 1986, but the interior scenes were shot in the Sigma Nu house, which still stands today. [7] Other buildings that were used during filming include Johnson Hall, Gerlinger Hall, Fenton Hall, Carson Hall, and the Erb Memorial Union, in which the Fishbowl was the site of the famous food-fight scene. The Knight Library and the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art can also be seen in the movie. Other films shot at the university include Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1940), Five Easy Pieces (1971), Stand By Me (1986), and Without Limits (1998). [8]
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