Some of the visual techniques used in television include camera movement, angle, and lighting. A long shot, close-up, established shot, viewpoint, soft focus, wide-angle shot, are visual techniques.

When we're looking for distant object, our visual angel turns to zero degress.As the principle of"The further the object, the smaller the visual angle."

It's hard to explain without visual representation. But imagine a 90 degree right angle. Okay, it makes an L, now image a 90 degree angle a little more acute (smaller than 90) that in sense is a 65 degree angle.

visual codes are things that are used to construct visual texts

eg

-lighting

- camera shot (extreme long shot, long shot, mid shot, close up, extreme close up)

- camera angle (high angle, eye level, low angle)

- composition (rule of thirds etc)

- lighting

- use of line

conventions are things that are constant within a society

that the viewer will recognise and gain meaning from

for example colours are a big one - white can symbolise purity and peace in australian society.