Dictionary:
Wei·mar (wī'mär', vī'-)  |
A city of central Germany southwest of Leipzig. First mentioned in 975, it became the capital of the duchy of Saxe-Weimar in 1547 and developed as the most important cultural center in Germany after the arrival of Goethe in 1775. In 1919 the German National Assembly met here and established the Weimar Republic, which lasted until 1933. Population: 64,500.
| German Literature Companion: Weimar |
Weimar, small town, which was the capital of the tiny state of Saxe-Weimar (see Sachsen-Weimar). In the late 18th c. the ruler Karl August invited Goethe to stay indefinitely in Weimar, and the town remained Goethe's home for 57 years (1775-1832). Other notable literary personalities invited to Weimar or present there included Schiller, Wieland, and Herder. This literary court, known as ‘Der weimarische Musenhof’, was particularly associated with Duchess Anna Amalia and her evening circle.
In the 19th c. Weimar was from 1844 to 1860 the residence of the composer Franz Liszt. In 1919 it was the meeting place of the National Assembly (Nationalversammlung), which was convened there in order to symbolize the links between the new Germany of the republic about to be created, and the idealism of Goethe and Schiller. From these beginnings derives the term Weimar Republic. See also Einsiedel, F. H. von; Göchhausen, Luise von; Knebel, K. L. von; Luise, Herzogin; Schröter, Corona; and Stein, Charlotte von.
| Columbia Encyclopedia: Weimar |
| Wikipedia: Weimar |
| Weimar | |
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  Weimar
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| Administration | |
| Country | Germany |
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| State | Thuringia |
| District | Urban district |
| Town subdivisions | 12 districts |
| Lord Mayor | Stefan Wolf (SPD) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 84.26 km2 (32.53 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 208 m (682 ft) |
| Population | 64,720 (31 December 2007)[1] |
| - Density | 768 /km2 (1,989 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | WE |
| Postal codes | 99401–99441 |
| Area codes | 03643, 036453 |
| Website | www.weimar.de |
| Classical Weimar* | |
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| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
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| State Party |  Germany |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, vi |
| Reference | 846 |
| Region** | Europe and North America |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 1998 (22nd Session) |
| * Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. ** Region as classified by UNESCO. |
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Weimar (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪmaʁ]) is a city in Germany. It is located in the Bundesland of Thuringia (German: Thüringen), north of the Thüringer Wald, east of Erfurt, and southwest of Halle and Leipzig. Its current population is approximately 65,000. The oldest record of the city dates from the year 899. Weimar was the capital of the Duchy (after 1815 the Grand Duchy) of Saxe-Weimar (German Sachsen-Weimar). In the 20th century, the city gave its name to the Weimar Republic.
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Weimar is one of the great cultural sites of Europe, having been home to such luminaries as Goethe, Schiller, and Herder; and in music the piano virtuosi Hummel (a pupil of Mozart), Liszt and Bach. It has been a site of pilgrimage for the German intelligentsia since Goethe first moved to Weimar in the late 18th century. The tombs of Goethe and Schiller as well as their archives, may be found in the city. Goethe's Elective Affinities (1809) is set around the city of Weimar.
The period in German history from 1919 to 1933 is commonly referred to as the Weimar Republic, as the Republic's constitution was drafted here because the capital, Berlin, with its street rioting after the 1918 German Revolution, was considered too dangerous for the National Assembly to use it as a meeting place. Weimar was, beside Dessau, the center of the Bauhaus movement. The city houses art galleries, museums and the German national theatre. The Bauhaus University and the Liszt School of Music Weimar attracted many students, specializing in media and design, architecture, civil engineering and music, to Weimar.
In 1937, the Nazis constructed the Buchenwald concentration camp, only eight kilometers from Weimar's city center. The slogan Jedem das Seine (literally "to each his own", but figuratively "everyone gets what he deserves") was placed over the camp's main entrance gate. Between July 1938 and April 1945, some 240,000 people were incarcerated in Buchenwald by the Nazi regime, including 168 Western Allied POWs.[2] The number of deaths at Buchenwald is estimated at 56,545.[3] The Buchenwald concentration camp provided slave labour for local industry (arms industry of Wilhelm-Gustloff-Werk).[4] World War II ended with Nazi Germany's defeat and division into East and West Germany. From 1945 to 1950, the Soviet Union used the occupied Buchenwald concentration camp to imprison defeated Nazis and other Germans. The camp slogan remained Jedem das Seine. On 6 January 1950, the Soviets handed over Buchenwald to the East German Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Weimar was part of the German Democratic Republic (aka East Germany) from 1949 to 1990.
The European Council of Ministers selected the city as a European Capital of Culture for 1999.
On September 3, 2004, a fire broke out at the Duchess Anna Amalia Library. The library contains a 13,000-volume collection including Goethe's masterpiece Faust, in addition to a music collection of the Duchess. An authentic Lutheran Bible from 1534 was saved from the fire. The damage stretched into the millions of dollars. The number of books in this historic library exceeded 1,000,000, of which 40,000 to 50,000 were destroyed past recovery. The library, which dates back to 1691, belongs to UNESCO world heritage, and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. The fire, with its destruction of much historical literature, amounts to a huge cultural loss for Germany, Europe, and indeed the world. A number of books were shock-frozen in the city of Leipzig to save them from rotting.
It is connected by one motorway and two routes:
There are railways running from Weimar to Erfurt (westbound), Halle/Leipzig (north-east-bound), Jena-Gera-Chemnitz (eastbound) and Kranichfeld (southbound). The ICE-line-trains from Frankfurt to Dresden arrive in Weimar every hour.
Weimar, as 'Traktionstadt Weimar', is the founder of the Traktionstadtsgesellschaft in Philip Reeve's series, the Mortal Engines Quartet. This is a fictional league of German traction cities, later joined by Manchester, formed to combat the Anti-tractionists thousands of years in the future.
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| Translations: Weimar |
Português (Portuguese)
n. - Weimar
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
魏玛
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 威瑪
한국어 (Korean)
바이마르 (독일 남서부의 도시)
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Copyrights:
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| German Literature Companion. The Oxford Companion to German Literature. Copyright © 1976, 1986, 1997, 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/ Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Weimar". Read more |
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| Translations. Copyright © 2007, WizCom Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved. Read more |
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