Wolfram von Eschenbach
(born
c. 1170 — died
c. 1220) German poet. An impoverished Bavarian knight, Wolfram apparently served a succession of lords. The epic "Parzival," one of his eight surviving lyric poems, is one of the masterpieces of the Middle Ages; likely based on a romance by
Chrétien de Troyes, it introduced the theme of the Holy Grail into German literature.
Richard Wagner used it as the basis for his last opera,
Parsifal (1882). Wolfram's influence on later poets was profound, and, with
Hartmann von Aue and
Gottfried von Strassburg, he is one of the three great Middle High German epic poets.
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