Not quite.

X-rays can detect crystal structures, but not individual atoms. For that, one would need to use electron diffraction techniques.

D. I. Svergun has written:

'Structure analysis by small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering' -- subject(s): Matter, Neutrons, Scattering, Small-angle scattering, Structure, X-rays

Determining the x-ray scattering pattern of the crystal.

X-ray diffraction pictures. A scattering of X-ray beams off the atoms of a crystalline substance to try and deduce the form of the substance.

PS That was Wilkins.

R. J. Roe has written:

'Methods of X-ray and neutron scattering in polymer science' -- subject(s): Analysis, Neutrons, Polymers, Scattering, X-rays