Govenor
governor
Initial federal response, Preliminary damage assessments, Governor's request, Recommendation to the President, Presidential disaster declaration, Disaster field office established, FEMA/State agreement
The Governor must request the declaration. Then a director from FEMA reviews the extend of the damage and makes a recommendation. Usually the President will visit or fly over the area and announce his decision. There have been over 2,000 Presidential Disaster Declarations since 1964.(the following paragraph is from FEMA's regulations)Declaration ProcessThe request for a declaration must come from the Governor or Acting Governor. Before sending a formal request letter to the President, the Governor will request that FEMA conduct a joint Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) with the State to verify damage and estimate the amount of supplemental assistance that will be needed. If the Governor believes that Federal assistance is necessary after this assessment is complete, the Governor sends a request letter to the President, directed through the Regional Administrator (RA) of the appropriate FEMA region. The RA reviews the request and forwards it with a recommendation to the Director of FEMA who, in turn, makes a recommendation to the President. In the aftermath of a significant event causing extensive damage and loss of life, the declaration process may be expedited. The President makes the decision whether to declare a major disaster or emergency. After the initial declaration, the person designated by the Governor as the Governor's Authorized Representative (GAR) may request additional areas to be eligible for assistance or for additional types of assistance as deemed necessary.
Governor of the affected State
The FEMA major disaster process illustrates federalism by showcasing the collaboration between federal, state, and local governments in disaster response and recovery. When a major disaster occurs, states must first request federal assistance, demonstrating state autonomy and responsibility. Once approved, federal resources and support are provided, highlighting the federal government's role in aiding states. This partnership reflects the balance of power and shared responsibilities inherent in the federalist system.
FEMA
FEMA
State and local governments, as well as certain nonprofit organizations, apply for federal assistance under the Stafford Act. This act provides a framework for federal disaster response and recovery, allowing these entities to request aid following major disasters or emergencies. Additionally, tribal governments can also seek assistance under this act. The application typically involves demonstrating the extent of damage and the need for federal support to aid recovery efforts.
The Stafford Act can be invoked by the President of the United States in response to a major disaster or emergency. State governors can also request federal assistance under the act when state resources are insufficient to handle the situation. Additionally, local officials can initiate requests for aid through their state government, which then may lead to federal assistance if necessary.
The response is beyond the financial or operational capabilities of the local or tribal, and State governments.
Defense support of Civil Authoritie
defense of civilians