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Air is forced under a hovercraft to form an air cushion what is the purpose of this cushion?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
A hovercraft is first of all an "aircraft" in that it only uses air to be lifted off the ground by air pressure so that it can move without wheels or any other solid parts such as tracks or gliders like on a sled. Second, the craft needs to be a sufficient height from the ground in order to avoid touching the ground when it moves. The height from the ground depends on how rough and flat the ground is that the hovercraft is to move over. If the "ground" is very smooth and flat, like a plate of glass, then only a very small height is enough. When air is blown under the craft from a blower with enough force this air will escape in a thin sheet (a film) in all directions and lift the craft just enough to float and not touch the surface. . .this film can be called a sort of thin "cushion" as it supports the craft . . like a cushion or pillow supports one's head or the hole body. The air pressure in this film keeps the craft of the ground as long as the air is blown under the craft. . .like happens on a air-cushion-hockey-game-table. If the ground is very rough one needs to lift the craft quite high from the ground. . .say 1 meter for a big hovercraft. . . but this will be practically impossible without creating a hollow space under the craft so that on the edges only a narrow gap is left for the air to escape in a thin layer. This hollow space filled with pressurised air and acts like a pillow. . . a cushion. . . and lifts the craft a sufficient height from the ground so that stones and rough spots are cleared. The edges of the craft must be made of flexible material so that it can move over the rough surface while maintaining a good seal with the ground so that the air "cushion" will not lose its air easily and so the craft retains its height above the ground while moving, due to the air pressure in the "cushion" as long as the air is blown into the cushion. . .a bit like blowing up a balloon with a small hole in it. . .as long as you keep blowing hard enough the pressure will keep the balloon inflated. . .the air cushion under the hovercraft is like a leaky balloon that is continentally being inflated from a strong blower on the hovercraft.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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Helicopters can hover stationary in the air, but they are not called hovercraft. A hovercraft is a ground based vehicle that rides on a cushion of air that is constantly pumped under a skirt around the base of the vehicle.
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How does a hovercraft work?
WHAT IS A HOVERCRAFT? A vehicle that travels above land and water. The word hovercraft is actually a name created in 1855 for an air-cushion vehicle. HOW DO HOVERCRAFTS WORK? Hovercrafts work on the two main things lift and thrust. When working with a hovercraft, the subsistence lift is very important for the vehicle. Lift is an important issue because it is what allows the vehicle to ride on a cushion of air several inches off the surface. This process of lift begins by directing airflow under the craft. In order to trap the air under the air cushion, a skirt is required. This is done in order to create pressure under the hovercraft which forces the vehicle off the ground. the proper amount of airflow is very important for the protection of the craft's strength if more wait is added it will not go as far. this is all you need to know about hovercrafts ......... i did this for my science fair project
How does hovercrafts work?
WHAT IS A HOVERCRAFT? A vehicle that travels above land and water. The word hovercraft is actually a name created in 1855 for an air-cushion vehicle. HOW DO HOVERCRAFTS WORK? Hovercrafts work on the two main things lift and thrust. When working with a hovercraft, the subsistence lift is very important for the vehicle. Lift is an important issue because it is what allows the vehicle to ride on a cushion of air several inches off the surface. This process of lift begins by directing airflow under the craft. In order to trap the air under the air cushion, a skirt is required. This is done in order to create pressure under the hovercraft which forces the vehicle off the ground. the proper amount of airflow is very important for the protection of the craft's strength if more wait is added it will not go as far. this is all you need to know about hovercrafts ......... i did this for my science fair project
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their are several forces at work but the main one is a cushion of high perasure air - the fan blades do not so much act as thrust as increasing the air preasure under the hovercraft - a rubber skirt surrounds the craft to keep the air in - if the hovercraft goes to high the air flows out and air preasure is lost and no more hovering - so hovercraft arent really flying so much as just sitting on a cushion of air - forward propulsion can come from a variety of engines but can be also produced by tilting the craft slightly allowing a bit of high preasure to escape from one side of the skirt
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Friction is cut down in a hovercraft by the large volume of air that blows out from under the skirt, making the skirt rise above the ground. In essence, the hovercraft is floating on a bubble of air, and has very little friction with respect to the ground.
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A Hovercraft is the name given to the thick rubber skirt/curtain that sits under the deck of the Hovercraft to contain the air that is used to support (hover) the craft while in motion. This skirt contacts the grounds slightly and as such needs to be replaced after it becomes worn or damaged.
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