What is the length of the sun
No, if it were then we'd all be burning rapidly. The Earth orbits the Sun at a distance of approximately 150 million kilometers.
The Sun is in the same position it always is. The Earth changes, not the sun.
The sun is not really fixed, it's moving in our galaxy at high speed, in orbit around the galactic core. All of the planets are going with the sun, locked into it's huge gravitational pull.
All the planets (Greek for "wanderer") change position with respect to the stars. The reason is that they orbit the sun, as does the earth.
4th position
It is the farthest from the sun
No, about all you know is that the sun must be somewhere behind you
The Vernal Equinox. different person here. First of all, there is a mistake in your question. Let me ask you this: Does 'When the sun is at its northernmost position?' make any sense to you at all? Duh... IT DOES NOT MAKE ANY SENSE, YOU STUPID MORON! just kidding... (no offense)
Mercury is the planet which is closest to the Sun.
The perception that the sun is following you is due to the sun's position in the sky changing throughout the day as the Earth rotates. This creates the illusion that the sun is moving in relation to your position.
It depends on which society you are referring to. Not all societies celebrate the same festivals.
Of all the known planets in our solar system, the orbit of Venus places it second nearest the sun. Only Mercury has a smaller orbit.