As with any surgery, there is always the risk of excessive bleeding, infection, and allergic reaction to anesthesia.
Individuals may choose to donate some of their own blood to be held in reserve for their use in major surgery such as knee replacement, during which heavy bleeding is common.
The things that can happen during a transplant surgery are that, the patient will be put under general anesthesia and made to sleep. Once the patient is asleep, the surgeon will start the transplant surgery. After the surgery,the patient may experience some discomfort and pains at the area of surgery.
The patient is required to lie still and for some surgery, especially refractive surgery, he or she is asked to focus on the light of the operating microscope.
During surgery the patient is medicated with sedatives as adjunctives to the anesthetic agent, and these sedatives tend to suppress coughing. Also, if a patient is coughing excessively due to infection, he is not a good candidate for surgery anyway due to the ongoing inflammatory response.
An anesthesiologist may be on hand during surgery to administer the local anesthetic.
In addition, the patient must remain awake in order to report any sensory changes during the surgery.
hemodynamic responses--the patient's blood pressure and heart rate
Hypothermia during surgery is prevented by keeping the operating room warm, using warming blankets, and administering warm fluids to the patient. These measures help maintain the patient's body temperature, ensuring safety and better surgical outcomes.
In general, during surgery, a patient is anesthetized, so no pain is felt during the surgery. After the surgery, however, pain can occur in the region of the body that was operated on. After the surgery, one's doctors and nurses will often prescribe medication to help control the pain until it has passed.
Laparoscopic surgery is very safe procedure because only 3–4 small cuts are made during this surgery and it involves very less complications to the patient. It minimizes the time spent by the patient in the hospital or in bed rest.
A colostomy pouch will generally have been placed on the patient's abdomen, around the stoma during surgery. During the hospital stay, the patient and his or her caregivers will be educated on how to care for the colostomy.
Anethesia drugs are mainly used in medicine especially in surgery where there is need to keep the patient asleep during the whole surgery