Another name for the method of continuous variations is the method of infinite series.
Empirical method.
procedure
another name for that could be poaching.
In programming, another name for the keyword "function" is "method."
A method is another name for a function. (I am assuming you know what a function is)
time series
fieldwork
Experimentation
The Socratic method is contradictionism, where the philosopher deliberately contradicts popular beliefs and proves them wrong.
In Java there is a concept called Scope of a Variable. Which defines the places in the code where a variable can be accessed. When you declare a variable inside a method, that variable is available only inside that method. Outside the method you cannot access it. So if you declare another variable of the same name in another method, it is as good as declaring a variable afresh because the instances of those variables are specific to that method. Those two variables are not at all related.
The Socratic method is contradictionism, where the philosopher deliberately contradicts popular beliefs and proves them wrong.