We have no direct evidence yet of life anywhere other than Earth.
earth, and mercury are closest. planets in order: sun mercury, venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn, uranus, neptune Pluto
Space shuttles are not designed to go to other planets, they stay in a near earth orbit, orbiting earth several times in a mission before returning back to earth. They don't really go far from our planet.
One of the highly dense planets near Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars is Earth itself. Earth has a dense core composed mainly of iron and nickel, which contributes to its overall high density compared to the other terrestrial planets in the inner solar system.
Mercury venus earth mars The inner solar system?
As far as we know, no rogue planet has ever come near Earth. Comets and asteroids have come near Earth, but not actual planets.
In order from the sun, the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
earth is on one side of mars. Jupiter is on the other. (bare in mind, there is a asteroid belt between mars and jupiter) And said Asteroid Belt used to be a planet. Poor Maldek, smashed by the crazy Martians :-)
So far mars. The problem with mars is that it once had a much stronger atmosphere which has mostly vanished into space. In the near future we will learn about other planets in other solar systems that are just like earth.
Yes. The moon is close to the planet it orbits: Earth.
Yes. Probes have already be sent to the Moon, and other planets; this requires a velocity very near the escape velocity from Earth. Other probes are leaving the Solar System, so they achieved the much higher escape velocity required to escape the attraction from the Sun.
The time it takes for the Earth and other planets to go around the sun is mainly influenced by their distance from the sun. Closer planets have shorter orbital periods due to the stronger gravitational pull of the sun, while farther planets have longer orbital periods due to weaker gravitational forces. This relationship is described by Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion.
It is near Earth in size. About 81.5% of Earth's mass.