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"Controllable by whom?" should be the first consideration.

A controllable expense is one that the manager responsible for controlling that particular expense has some influence over. So if you look at any given fixed expense, it may be controllable by manager X, while it is uncontrollable by manager Y, if Y has no control over it.

In the short run, fixed costs may be controllable ORuncontrollable.

If the fixed expense is discretionary (for example, a fixed budget of $500 a year for his department's annual summer outing), the manager can cancel the outing without affecting production (except to the extent that department morale is affected, and that is not a measurable accounting cost.). The $500 would be a fixed controllable cost to the manager, because he can avoid the expense entirely by cancelling the outing.

However, the amount of monthly rent paid on a factory building is usually a fixed cost that the factory manager cannot change, and so it is a fixed uncontrollable cost to the manager because it is non-discretionary for the manager.

The major purpose of dividing variable and fixed costs into "controllable" and "uncontrollable" costs is to aid in evaluating a manager's performance, in order to to hold him responsible only for controlling the expenses that he or she could have controlled, i.e., those expenses that he or she had both the responsibility and the authority to control.

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Q: Are all fixed expense controllable or uncontrollable?
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