Yes.
10 feet, same as any other field goal post.
yes
Goal post are always in the same place on the football field they never moved.
Off of a fake field goal
In short - yes. A field goal is calculated from the spot of the kick to the goal posts - so line of snap+10 yds (end zone) plus length from snap to hold (usually 7 yds)
No, not on a kick-off, you can only get points on a field goal or a PAT. Play restarts with a touchback, the same as if it had gone ppast the endline any other way.
Goal posts in both the NFL and college football are 18 feet 6 inches apart. The goal posts in college used to be 23 feet 4 inches wide but were reduced to the same width as the NFL in 1991.
The goal post dimensions in Canadian football are the same as in American football. The goal posts are on the goal line. The hash marks are not in line with the uprights.
Dropkicks are just not used nearly as often as field goals are. In fact, the are almost never used. Field goals are much easier to kick, are much more accurate and there are virtually no players (but there there ARE some) who can properly perform an accurate dropkick. The dropkick is still legal and counts the same number of points as a field goal does.
An ambiguous question. Posts of the same goal or posts from opposite goals?
No, they are the same. They used to be wider (23 feet 4 inches, same as high school), but in 1991 they narrowed them to 18 feet 6 inches, same as the NFL.
YEP!