Yes. The nearest known black hole is about 3,000 light years away in the system V616 Monocerotis. There is a probably supermassive black hole at the center of the Galaxy, about 26,000 light years away.
No. There are estimated to be dozens or hundreds of black holes of various sizes in our galaxy, and billions in the universe as a whole.
Black Holes' can 'eat' any type of matter in the Universe.
no
no
No
No.
At any time.
Black holes
Yes. Several quasars have been discovered; they are black holes, and they are quite active.
There is no proven connection between the Bermuda Triangle and black holes.
Yes. There is a supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy and a number of stellar mass black holes through the rest of it.
It isn't known whether micro black holes - usually called primordial black holes - exist at all. If they do exist, they can be at any random location of space.