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In a closed primary only registered party members are allowed to vote for the candidates of a particular party. There are 13 states with closed primaries.
closed primary
This is purely up to the party leaders to decide. An example in the latest primaries is Florida, which was not allowed by the Democratic Party to take place in the primary as punishment for moving up their primary voting date.
Thirty-four US states and the District of Columbia hold presidential primary elections. There are three types of primaries, open, closed and mixed.
open primaries are for both republican and democrat party members on the other hand close primaries are only for the members of the party so a democrat close primary can only be attended for registered democrats
closed primaries prevent "crossover voting"; open primaries allow it, which can produce nominees that don't represent the values of the party
In an open primary anyone can vote for any candidate in either party regardless of whether they are registered democrat or republican. In a closed primary you can only vote for someone in your registered party.
It depends on what state (and what office)? Laws vary state by state usually determined by what the parties decide. On the presidential level, independents can currently vote in 33 states in the (Democratic) Primary (there's a few states, e.g. California, where it's open in one party and closed in the other) and closed in 17. In Idaho, the Republican Party is trying to close down a primary that has been open for many years and independents (led by the Committee for A Unified Independent Party (www.independentvoting.org) and the Amnerican Independent Movement of Idaho intervened on the suit and won the right for the first time for independents who are not a party to be party to a suit of this kind). And there are several states (e.g. Kentucky) where legislation has recently been introduced to open the primaries).
blacks not to vote in democratic primaries
"Most states conduct CLOSED primaries, in which participation is limited to voters registered or declared at the polls as members of the party whose primary is being held" (Thomas E. Patterson, "The American Democracy", Textbook 8th ed., p. 227, emphasis added)
closed or if they are not registered as a Democrat. In most states, primary elections are open, meaning that party affiliation does not restrict a voter from participating in any party's primary. However, in some states, primaries are closed, and only registered members of a specific party can vote in that party's primary election.
Iowa doesnt have a primary because it is usually the bigger states who have primaries, the smaller states usually get together to decide the states candidate, which is what a caucus is.