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There are more than six hundred commandments in the Torah, the first section of the Hebrew Bible. Today, around 300 to 400 of these commandments are applicable, since the Temple was destroyed. Only the Ten Commandments of the Old Testament are considered to apply to Christians, however Jesus gave new commandments to his disciples.

The term "Ten Commandments" is actually a misnomer. The original Hebrew is 'Asseret HaDibrot' which translates to The Ten Statements. These 10 statements encapsulate the 613 commandments found in the Torah that provide the basic blueprints for living a righteous life to Jews. From the Jewish perspective, all of the guidelines, including the 10 Statements only apply to Jews. For the rest of the world's nations, the Torah has what are referred to as the "Noahide Laws", these are 7 laws that provide the guidelines for living righteously to non-Jews.

Of the 613 mitzvot, many require the Temple to be standing, others apply only to those living in Israel, there are those that apply to people of specific tribes, and many are career or gender specific.

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