Yes, options that expires weekly are known as "Weeklies" and are offered only on very heavily traded stocks such as QQQ.
Any stock website that gives you the price of the stock itself will have a link to the price of the options. For every stock there are many options to choose from ranging in price and date. Study Options Weekly before trading options.
Buy the right put option, meaning the correct strike price and the correct expiration date and if the stock goes down, you make money. Options Weekly has some great write ups on trading options.
The option premium changes based on the change of stock price, days to expiration, change in implied volatility and dividend price. Options Weekly has a nice tutorial on options, see related links.
No One, not your broker, not the SIPC, not the FDIC. The only insurance you have is if your broker goes out of business, the stocks and cash you have in your account is insured. If you would like to buy "insurance" on a stock, the way to do it is with PUT options. Options Weekly has a newletter that teaches people how to do this.
The expiration time for weekly options is typically at the end of the trading day on Friday.
Free stock options are often in the form of employee stock options, where an employee is offered stock in the company as a form of non-monetary compensation.
There are many ameritrade stock options. They will provide you with their various stock options through there site on the internet. Visit it for more information.
One can find information on stock trade options by going to a local stock broker. They will have great advice on everything about the stock trade options.
Non-qualified stock options are taxed as ordinary income when exercised, while incentive stock options are taxed at a lower capital gains rate if certain conditions are met. Additionally, non-qualified stock options can be granted to any employee, while incentive stock options are typically reserved for key employees.
Vested stock options are ones that you can exercise and buy stock with, while non-vested stock options cannot be used yet.
To learn more about where UK stock options are you will have to check UK stock options on Wikipedia to see where and what they are so you can find out more information on where to find them
The best resource for beginners to learn about exercising stock options is the book "Stock Options For Dummies."