According to the law, no they cannot. They must be at least 18.
Not without permission of the court if the other parent's rights weren't terminated.
no
To get a passport for your child without the other parent's permission, you may need to provide evidence of sole legal custody or a court order allowing you to apply for the passport without the other parent's consent. Contact the passport agency for specific requirements and procedures in your situation.
No, you will need the other parents and the courts permission.
Depends on the ruling during the divorce.
With joint legal, one is still primary and thus has the authority to do so, but not without first discussing it with the other parent.
Yes.
yes
sue probably
Permission from the other parent. Yes if you are in leagule custody of the child at the time
no, even if you have sole custody
That is dependent of custody orders, but even without, the other parent could file an injunction.