Genetic testing can determine this (which is more involved than just a simple blood test).
Cleft lip and palate can be diagnosed before birth by ultrasound
DNA testing is one of the tools doctors have for diagnosing Huntington's Disease. Additional test available include tests of the patient's hearing, eye movements and control, strength, reflexes, and balance. Also a computed tomography (CT) scan may be recommended. This particular test produces a computer-generated picture of the interior of the brain.
EA and TEF can sometimes be diagnosed in fetal ultrasounds before birth. If not, these defects become obvious soon after birth, because the infant is unable to eat. The inability to pass a tube from the mouth to the stomach.
is usually diagnosed shortly after birth. In some people, it is not visible until they are older.
In families who have an increased risk of Sjogren-Larsson disease, prenatal diagnosis can be accomplished through amniocentesis, chorionic villi sampling, or fetal skin biopsy.
Infants are tested for PKU when they are first born. Brain damage occurs within days of birth, if PKU is not diagnosed and treated. Phenylketonuria is not found in adults, only newborn infants.
Children affected with A-T appear normal at birth; however, the first signs of the disease--usually a lack of balance and slurred speech--often appear between one and two years of age.
A "congenital" disease is one that someone has from birth.
In the mid 1800s by Dr. William John Little.
There was a plague outbreak in Stratford near the time of Shakespeare's birth, but the point is that he did not catch the disease, which is why he survived.
Congenital heart disease
Congenital heart disease is heart disease that was present at birth.