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In this type of criminal case, the state acts as the representative of the child and hence is officially the accuser. In that respect the accuser is always present before the court. If they can provide sufficient evidence to convince a jury or a judge beyond a reasonable doubt that the charged crime occurred, they can convict the defendant even if neither the child nor the person who brought the original report is present. Prosecutors may choose to not have the child present at all in order to protect the child, especially if they believe the rest of the evidence is more than sufficient. The need for the presence of the person who made the initial accusation is somewhat more ambiguous. If their accusation was the basis for warrants issued that resulted in gathering critical evidence, then the defense may subpoena them and compel their presence to questioned in court to attack the validity of the warrants and to suppress any evidence coming from them. If the police initiate an investigation and gather evidence that did not depend on the initial accuser, then they may not even have to be identified, let alone be present.

Obviously there are also cases where the accuser dies before the case comes to court but has provided a sworn deposition that may be entered into evidence. The deposition may be less compelling than placing the accuser on the stand and allowing cross-examination, but the evidence may still be allowed as part of the prosecution and may be key in the decision to convict.

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