Rarely. Most heats occur only once (even rarely twice) then not happen again until some time after she has given birth.
Yes.
The name of a baby cow is a Calf
Normal gestation is 284 +/- ten days and cows don't usually come back into heat for 40 to 90 days post calving.
The baby is called a calf and mother is a cow. Together they are called a cow-calf pair, or "mom and baby."
Cow. Calf came after.
Calf's liver comes from a baby cow.
A "calf".
Some farmers put a metal nose ring through the cows nose, because the coldness of the ring on the other cows belly's makes them kick at the cow that is doing the sucking. Bulls usually have these rings as well because that is how they are lead around on a halter.
Yes. A cow that has given birth a couple weeks will start going through short estrus periods when she's nursing a calf, and will be able to breed within a couple months. A calf will stay on the cow for 6 to 10 months before being weaned.
A newborn calf, a baby calf or just a calf.
No. Once a cow is pregnant she won't have any signs of heat again, until after she gives birth to her calf.
The best thing you can do is to skin the dead calf of that beef cow's, and drape it over the orphan calf's body so that you trick the cow into thinking that that calf is hers. But this will only work if you have that cow's dead calf on hand and not if that cow doesn't have a calf or if you're wanting to put another calf on that cow. Other tricks include smearing cod liver oil or perfume or some other strong-smelling solution that's not poisonous to the cow nor calf over the cow's nose and all over the back and head of the calf, putting a dog in with the cow and the calf, etc.
A young cow, in the sense of it being female, is called a heifer. Heifers remain so until they have had a calf. However in the more general sense, a young "cow" is called a calf.