Yes. The swing of a pendulum is caused by gravity acting on the mass of the pendulum. Actually, enclosing a pendulum in a container and removing all the air inside (thus creating a vacuum) would actually help the pendulum to swing for a longer period of time. That's because air creates drag on the moving mass, slowing it down. Think of a person trying to walk into a stiff breeze. Slows you down, right? The same thing happens to the pendulum as it moves through the air. Now, if by vacuum you really meant out in space where there is no air, that's a different situation. There is no (or very little) gravity in space, when you are not on or near a large body such as a planet. A pendulum in space would not work due to the lack of gravity there.
More than in an atmosphere; there is no air friction to slow the pendulum down in a vacuum.
it will not stop forever
No, the swing of the pendulum will never carry it back quite as high as it was when it started. The pendulum must work against air resistance, and so a little bit of momentum is lost with every swing. Even if the pendulum operated in a vacuum, there would still be some tiny amount of friction at the point where the pendulum is attached to its frame. The swing of a pendulum is never 100% efficient. So the pendulum will run down.
A heavier pendulum will swing longer due to its greater inertia.
how is pendulum swing related to teaching process?
Every time the pendulum swings back and forth, some energy is lost to friction. Friction with air, and friction in the supporting string or whatever. If you manage to reduce this friction (for example, reduce air friction by making the pendulum swing in a vacuum), it will swing longer. However, you won't be able to reduce energy losses completely; it may swing longer, but not forever.
A simple pendulum.
If the pendulum was pushed with a large force or if it was heavier. It might swing faster.
The acceleration of a pendulum is zero at the lowest point of its swing.
By shorten the string of the pendulum
When a pendulum is released to fall, it changes from Potential energy to Kinetic Energy of a moving object. However, due to friction (ie: air resistance, and the pivot point) and gravity the pendulum's swing will slowly die down. A pendulum gets its kinetic energy from gravity on its fall its equilibrium position which is the lowest point to the ground it can fall, however, even in perfect conditions (a condition with no friction) it can never achieve a swing (amplitude) greater than or equal to its previous swing. Every swing that the pendulum makes, it gradually looses energy or else it would continue to swing for eternity without stopping. Extra: Using special metals that react little to temperature, finding a near mass-less rod to swing the bob (the weight) and placing the pendulum in a vacuum has yielded some very long lasting pendulums. While the pendulum will lose energy with every swing, under good conditions the amount of energy that the pendulum loses can be kept relatively small. Some of the best pendulum clocks can swing well over a million times.
me
Yes. In a vacuum, the only resistance is the friction in the suspension for the bob of the pendulum. Other than that, it should swing a long time. In air, friction with air will add to the friction in the suspension and it won't swing as well as it would in a vacuum. But it will swing for a while. A pendulum will swing in water, but the hydrodynamic drag will make it stop in a really, really short period of time. Just a couple of swings will strip the pendulum of almost all its energy. And the speed of the pendulum will be slower than in air, and it won't swing anywhere nearly as far through the bottom of its arc as it did in air.