If you an Illinois resident, adn you are hunting with a firearm, yes. If you are not a resident, you cannot get an FOID, and it is not required.
To possess a gun or buy ammo in Illinois, a resident must have a Firearm Owner's Identification Card.
If you are referring to a non-US citizen visiting the US LEGALLY, they MAY purchase a firearm for a legitimate sporting purpose, such as hunting.
A foreign citizen with established permanent residence may purchase and own a firearm in the US. <><><> In addition certain temporary residents of the US may legally purchase a firearm- such as for hunting. However, they must have a hunting license first. This is listed in 18 USC 922- and usually overlooked. Permanent resident aliens (such as my wife) that have a "green card" are treated as a citizen when purchasing firearms.
Yes.
Yes, but firearm must be under lock and key and NOT accessable to the felon
As long if he/her has a licence.
No.
No
No way to know.
No. Federal law (applies to ALL states) requires that a firearm may not be transferred by an unlicensed person to a resident of another state. When crossing a state line, a firearm must be transferred through a dealer.
Long guns, yes. Handguns, no.